Variations in cadmium accumulation among rice cultivars and types and the selection of cultivars for reducing cadmium in the diet

Abstract

A pot trial was conducted with 52 rice cultivars of different types collected from different origins. The results showed that there were great differences in Cd concentrations in straw, brown rice and grain chaff among the rice cultivars grown in a soil containing a Cd concentration of 100 mg kg −1 ; the Cd concentrations in brown rice ranged from 0.22 to 2.86 mg kg −1 . The great genotypic differences in Cd concentrations indicated that it is possible to lower the Cd content of rice through cultivar selection and breeding. Significant differences were found in the Cd concentrations of the rice types of Indica consanguinity and those of Japonica consanguinity, but not between their origins. There were significant correlations between straw and brown rice in Cd concentration and in the total amount of Cd accumulated. The distribution ratios of the Cd accumulated in brown rice to the total Cd accumulation in the aboveground rice plant varied greatly from 12.9 to 137.8 g kg −1 , and there was significant correlation between the distribution ratios and Cd concentrations in brown rice. These indicated that Cd concentration in rice grain is governed by the transport of Cd from root to shoot and also from shoot to grain. Cd concentrations in brown rice also correlated significantly with some important agronomic traits, as well as with nitrogen concentrations, one of the most important criteria for rice quality.

Bioavailability of cadmium and nickel to Daucus carota L. and Corchorus olitorius L. treated by compost and microorganisms

“…Different plant processes such as respiration, photosynthesis, water and nutrient uptake of plants are badly affected by Cd (Kuo and Kao, 2004). Cadmium reduces root growth because of the reduction of the rate of new cell production (Liu et al, 2004), inhibits the activities of antioxidative enzymes of plants (Correa et al, 2006) and induces oxidative stress in cells (Sandalio et al, 2001). Nickel (Ni) is an important toxic heavy metal, and pollution by Ni has gained importance due to the greater understanding of its persistence and toxicity in the ecosystems (Alemayehu and Lennartz, 2010).…”

Performances of Water Management, Foliage Dressing, and Variation Screening in Controlling the Accumulation of As and Cd and Maintaining the Concentrations of Essential Elements in the Grains of Rice Plant

“…The results of the variety screening trial demonstrated that the element uptake and accumulation capacities varied in different rice varieties, just like the results of Morishita et al (1987), Liu J. G. et al (2005, and Norton et al (2009). Among the 15 rice varieties tested, the highest K, Ca, and Mg contents appeared in the grains of P1; however, its As content exceeded the NFHSC, whereas the Cd content did not.…”

Effects of Cadmium Stress on Antioxidant Enzymes and Osmolyte Accumulation in Aromatic Rice Seedlings

“…The differences observed in accumulation may be related to the genotypic tolerance nature of the cultivars to cadmium toxicity. Genotypic variations of Cd tolerance in rice cultivars were reported by Liu et al (2005). Cadmium uptake and translocation from contaminated soil to plants edible parts were markedly different among plant species as well as cultivars within the same species (Liu et al 2007).…”