Variations in organic carbon mineralization of the biological soil crusts following revegetation in the Tengger Desert, North China

Xie, Ting; Shi, Wanli; Yang, Hongqiang; Lian, Jing; Li, Xiaojun

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2022.106860

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The OC, N, and C:N ratio in each fraction decreased with soil depth (Figures 2–4), which resulted primarily from a greater quantity of plant litter that covered the surface soil, suggesting the greater importance of aboveground litter input for OC and N accumulation (Hicks et al, 2021). Moreover, revegetation facilitated the development of biocrusts, which occurred at the soil surface, can fix a large amount of OC and N and inhibits SOM entry into the soil (Li et al, 2022; Xie et al, 2023), only low‐molecular‐weight compounds and dissolved OC and N derived from degraded SOM can penetrate to deeper soil layers (Li et al, 2007; Xie et al, 2023). Furthermore, belowground biomass was reduced in deeper layers as demonstrated in a previous study conducted at the site (Chen et al, 2018; Yang et al, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent changes of carbon and nitrogen in the density fractions of soil organic matter after revegetation in the Tengger Desert, north China

Li,

Yang,

Yang

2024

Land Degrad Dev

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Revegetation is an effective measure to enhance soil organic carbon (OC) and nitrogen (N) storage in drylands, but the underlying processes remain poorly understood. Based on density fractionation, the free light fraction (fLF), the occluded light fraction (oLF), and a heavy fraction (HF) were extracted from a chronosequence of revegetated sites aged 10, 22, 34, 48, and 65 years. A mobile sand dune (MSD) was used as the reference site (aged 0 years). The OC and N contents of different fractions and the bulk soils were determined to evaluate the impacts of revegetation and clarify post‐revegetation stabilization mechanisms for the OC and N. The results showed that the dry mass of fLF and oLF in established shrublands were 17.16–31.30 and 17.68–44.87 times greater than those in the MSD, respectively, while the amount of HF decreased by 1.09%–2.51% in 65 years. The contents and stocks of OC and N and C:N ratio in each fraction significantly increased over time but decreased with soil depth, and these three variables decreased sequentially from fLF to oLF to HF. The OC and N contents and their ratios in each fraction were positively and linearly correlated with their corresponding values in the bulk soil. The OC and N percentages contained in the fLF and oLF increased significantly, but those in the HF decreased with increasing site age. Despite this, more than 55.08% of OC and 80.59% of N were remained in the HF across all the sites, indicating that the enhancement of OC and N stocks in SOM following revegetation were mainly derived from an increase in OC and N in protected fractions. Biological and physicochemical factors including microbial biomass C and N, the availability of N, P, and K, bulk density, and clay and silt contents, were the key factors regulating the OC and N dynamics in the density fractions. The initial OC and N accumulation after revegetation occurs mainly in the HF, while vegetation development shifts the OC and N from stable to labile pools. The OC and N accumulation in revegetated soils is attributed to the changes in both the LF and HF whereas OC and N in the light fraction become increasingly important over time. Stabilization by forming aggregates and mineral associations may dominate the long‐term OC and N sequestration in restored ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent changes of carbon and nitrogen in the density fractions of soil organic matter after revegetation in the Tengger Desert, north China

Li,

Yang,

Yang

2024

Land Degrad Dev

Self Cite

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“…The curve is a fitting curve obtained by Gaussian equation fitting; Figure S2: Funnel plot of logarithmic response ratio of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP) content and Alkaline Phosphatase, Cellulase, Sucrase, Urease activity to biological crust, funnel plot effect value (natural logarithm of response ratio, lnR , horizontal axis) and standard error ( SE , vertical axis); Table S1: The overall heterogeneity ( Q T ) of the response of each explanatory variable to the biological crust, the percentage of heterogeneity caused by the real variation between the effect sizes ( I 2 ), and the heterogeneity between groups ( Q B ); Table S2: Kendall’s tau rank correlation tests for assessing publication bias; Table S3: Rosenthal’s fail-safe numbers for assessing publication bias; Table S4: The results of weighted regression analysis of the effect values ( lnR ) of response variables with annual average temperature, annual average rainfall and altitude; Table S5: Meta-analysis of initial data. References [ 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 ,…”

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confidence: 99%

Responses of Soil C, N, P and Enzyme Activities to Biological Soil Crusts in China: A Meta-Analysis

Yang,

Yuan,

Guo

et al. 2024

Plants

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Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are often referred to as the “living skin” of arid regions worldwide. Yet, the combined impact of BSCs on soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and enzyme activities remains not fully understood. This study identified, screened and reviewed 71 out of 2856 literature sources to assess the responses of soil C, N, P and enzyme activity to BSCs through a meta-analysis. The results indicated that BSC presence significantly increased soil C, N, P and soil enzyme activity, and this increasing effect was significantly influenced by the types of BSCs. Results from the overall effect showed that soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN), total phosphorus (TP), and available phosphorus (AP) increased by 107.88%, 84.52%, 45.43%, 27.46%, and 54.71%, respectively, and four soil enzyme activities (Alkaline Phosphatase, Cellulase, Sucrase, and Urease) increased by 93.65–229.27%. The highest increases in SOC, TN and AN content occurred in the soil covered with lichen crusts and moss crusts, and significant increases in Alkaline Phosphatase and Cellulase were observed in the soil covered with moss crusts and mixed crusts, suggesting that moss crusts can synergistically enhance soil C and N pool and enzyme activity. Additionally, variations in soil C, N, P content, and enzyme activity were observed under different environmental settings, with more pronounced improvements seen in coarse and medium-textured soils compared to fine-textured soils, particularly at a depth of 5 cm from the soil surface. BSCs in desert ecosystems showed more significant increases in SOC, TN, AN, and Alkaline Phosphatase compared to forest and grassland ecosystems. Specifically, BSCs at low altitude (≤500 m) with an annual average rainfall of 0–400 mm and an annual average temperature ≤ 10 °C were the most conducive to improving soil C, N, and P levels. Our results highlight the role of BSCs and their type in increasing soil C, N, P and enzyme activities, with these effects significantly impacted by soil texture, ecosystem type, and climatic conditions. The implications of these findings are crucial for soil enhancement, ecosystem revitalization, windbreak, and sand stabilization efforts in the drylands of China.

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Evaluation of soil CO2 efflux and its influence factors in a revegetated area in Tengger Desert, NW China

Nan,

Huang,

Yang

et al. 2023

Environ Earth Sci

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Soil profile CO2 transport and production are vital in the carbon stock in desert artificial vegetation ecosystem. In this study, the soil profile CO2 concentration, soil water content and temperature at depths of 0-40 cm were measured at four revegetated sites (1956, 1964, 1981 and 1987), located in the southeastern edge of Tengger desert, China. The gradient method was applied to simulated soil gas diffusion coefficient and soil profile CO2 efflux. We found that the soil profile CO2 concentration increased with depths, while the soil CO2 diffusion coefficient, soil CO2 efflux and production in upper layers were significantly higher than those in bottom layers. The CO2 diffusion coefficient decreased at first and then increased with revegetation age. The soil profile CO2 concentration, CO2 efflux and production increased with revegetation age. The simulated soil surface CO2 efflux were 0.54 μmol•m −2 •s −1 , 0.49 μmol•m −2 •s −1 , 0.44 μmol•m −2 •s −1 and 0.25 μmol•m −2 •s −1 at 1956, 1964, 1981 and 1987 revegetated sites, respectively. The soil surface CO2 efflux mainly came from the layers of 0-10 cm, which contributed to 76.4% -94.9% of the total. The structural equation modeling (SEM) explained 97.0% of the variations in soil surface CO2 efflux (F0). The effects of soil CO2 concentration, temperature and water content in the layers of 10 cm, and plant properties on soil surface CO2 efflux were 0.977, 0.516, -0.358 and -0.156, respectively, and the interaction between soil temperature and water content was 0.439, which meant that the soil temperature and water content significantly influenced soil CO2 efflux.

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Variations in organic carbon mineralization of the biological soil crusts following revegetation in the Tengger Desert, North China

Cited by 6 publications

References 66 publications

Divergent changes of carbon and nitrogen in the density fractions of soil organic matter after revegetation in the Tengger Desert, north China

Divergent changes of carbon and nitrogen in the density fractions of soil organic matter after revegetation in the Tengger Desert, north China

Responses of Soil C, N, P and Enzyme Activities to Biological Soil Crusts in China: A Meta-Analysis

Evaluation of soil CO2 efflux and its influence factors in a revegetated area in Tengger Desert, NW China

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