Variations in the Availability and Quality of Early Childhood Education and Care by Socioeconomic Status of Neighborhoods

Cloney, Dan; Cleveland, Gordon; Hattie, John; Tayler, Collette

doi:10.1080/10409289.2015.1076674

Cited by 72 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Trajectories in the other lenses changed over time for some groups of children, aligning with previous work on specific indicators, 15,16,45 such as Matijasevich et al, 15 who found that pathways of maternal depression (which sits within the health conditions lens) appeared to increase or decrease for some children. This suggests that the benefits of various policy interventions may differ according to the aspect of disadvantage targeted by the intervention and the timing: sociodemographic factors may be more difficult to modify, but geographic association 24 is likely due to a range of factors that are in turn associated with the lenses we describe, like less access to resources that promote learning in the home 47 or to quality early childhood programs and schools, 22 as well as shared causes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

More than a snapshot in time: pathways of disadvantage over childhood

Goldfeld

O’Connor

et al. 2018

International Journal of Epidemiology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

More than a snapshot in time: pathways of disadvantage over childhood

Goldfeld

O’Connor

et al. 2018

International Journal of Epidemiology

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“…Specifically, each was associated with academic performance at 8–9 years. The well-established association35 between disadvantage and academic performance is likely due to a range of mechanisms, such as less access to resources that promote learning in the home36 or to quality early childhood programmes and schools 37. It may also be due to shared causes like heritability of conditions impacting on both family disadvantage and children’s school experience.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding child disadvantage from a social determinants perspective

Goldfeld

O’Connor

Cloney

et al. 2017

J Epidemiol Community Health

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BackgroundChild health and developmental inequities exist in all countries. Comprehensive and robust concepts of disadvantage are fundamental to growing an evidence base that can reveal the extent of inequities in childhood, and identify modifiable leverage points for change. We conceptualise and test a multidimensional framework of child disadvantage aligned to a social determinants and bioecological perspective.MethodsThe Longitudinal Study of Australian Children is a nationally representative sample of two cohorts of Australian children, including the birth cohort of 5107 infants, which commenced in May 2004. The analysis focused on disadvantage indicators collected at age 4–5 years. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test a theoretically informed model of disadvantage. Concurrent validity was examined through associations with academic performance at 8–9 years.ResultsThe model comprising four latent factors of sociodemographic (10 indicators), geographical environments (three indicators), health conditions (three indicators) and risk factors (14 indicators) was found to provide a better fit for the data than alternative models. Each factor was associated with academic performance, providing evidence of concurrent validity.ConclusionThe study provides a theoretically informed and empirically tested framework for operationalising relative child disadvantage. Understanding and addressing inequities will be facilitated by capturing the complexity of children’s experiences of disadvantage across the multiple environments in which their development unfolds.

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“…Researchers in British Columbia (BC) (Goelman and Pence 1988) found that level of family resources was highly correlated with the quality of ECEC services parents secure for their children. Furthermore, families in higher-income neighborhoods (Cloney et al 2016;Malik and Hamm 2017) have access to higher-quality programs. These usage patterns raise important equity concerns since the most compelling evidence about the impact of ECEC quality on children suggests that children from disadvantaged backgrounds are the ones who are most likely to benefit from receiving highquality care (Magnuson et al 2007;McCartney et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding early childhood education and care utilization in Canada: implications for demand and oversight

Varmuza

Perlman

White

2019

ICEP

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This study examined early childhood education and care (ECEC) utilization in Canada, focusing on use of unlicensed home child care (HCC) from an equity perspective. Data from the 2011 cycle of the General Social Survey (GSS) were used. Across Canada, parent responses reveal that 16.6% of children between the age of 12 months and entry to school were in unlicensed HCC. Another 24% of working parents reported having no regular form of non-parental childcare. Families with higher incomes were more likely to report using center-based care. Conversely, lower-income working parents with lower levels of education were more likely to use unlicensed HCC or report using no non-parental care at all. Comparison of parent responses in Ontario, however, where government estimates for the number of licensed and unlicensed HCC spaces are available, revealed that more parents report that their children are in licensed HCC than is possible. The lack of accurate parental reporting calls into question a key assumption of current regulatory systems, which is that parents are informed consumers of ECEC services. Given that many parents misreport the type of HCC their children use, and the equity concerns raised by the overall utilization patterns we found, we argue that governments need to take a more active role in oversight and support of HCC.

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Variations in the Availability and Quality of Early Childhood Education and Care by Socioeconomic Status of Neighborhoods

Cited by 72 publications

References 39 publications

More than a snapshot in time: pathways of disadvantage over childhood

More than a snapshot in time: pathways of disadvantage over childhood

Understanding child disadvantage from a social determinants perspective

Understanding early childhood education and care utilization in Canada: implications for demand and oversight

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