Variations in the survival of Fasciola gigantica eggs in bovine dung stored in the sun as opposed to the shade

Suhardono,; Roberts, Juliet R.; Copeman, D. B.

doi:10.1007/s11250-006-4311-x

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Firstly, 5 g feces of Mrs. Xiao and her sister were respectively recovered using a standard washing-sieving procedure [20] and then resuspended in physiological saline to give a pool of eggs in a final volume of 20 ml. For the extraction of genomic DNA, 35 eggs from each patient were respectively isolated and pipetted into 2 eppendorf tube and covered with 30 μl distilled water.…”

Section: Case Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Cases of Fascioliasis in Fujian Province, China

Cai

et al. 2017

Korean J Parasitol

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Fascioliasis is a foodborne zoonotic parasitic disease. We report 4 cases occurring in the same family, in whom diagnosis of acute fascioliasis was established after series of tests. One case was hospitalized with fever, eosinophilia, and hepatic lesions. MRI showed hypodense changes in both liver lobes. The remaining 3 cases presented with the symptom of stomachache only. Stool analysis was positive for Fasciola eggs in 2 adult patients. The immunological test and molecular identification of eggs were confirmed at the National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China. The results of serological detection were positive in all the 4 patients. DNA sequencing of PCR products of the eggs demonstrated 100% homology with ITS and cox1 of Fasciola hepatica. The conditions of the patients were not improved by broad-spectrum anti-parasitic drugs until administration of triclabendazole.

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Section: Case Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Cases of Fascioliasis in Fujian Province, China

Cai

et al. 2017

Korean J Parasitol

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“…To improve the approach, a concentration step was included which employed the traditional sedimentation technique for trematode eggs [ 9 ] without the microscopic observation and counting (Method 3). A previously-described alternative method for egg concentration [ 21 ] used laborious washing and sieving procedures, including overnight refrigeration of a faecal suspension, making it inappropriate for application in diagnostics [ 29 ]. Our new molecular workflow incorporates a Fasciola -egg concentration procedure prior to the optimised Fasciola -egg disruption protocol, leading to highly successful results of 91–100% diagnostic sensitivity in a pilot study in cattle with ≤10 EPG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scrambled eggs: A highly sensitive molecular diagnostic workflow for Fasciola species specific detection from faecal samples

et al. 2017

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BackgroundFasciolosis, due to Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica, is a re-emerging zoonotic parasitic disease of worldwide importance. Human and animal infections are commonly diagnosed by the traditional sedimentation and faecal egg-counting technique. However, this technique is time-consuming and prone to sensitivity errors when a large number of samples must be processed or if the operator lacks sufficient experience. Additionally, diagnosis can only be made once the 12-week pre-patent period has passed. Recently, a commercially available coprological antigen ELISA has enabled detection of F. hepatica prior to the completion of the pre-patent period, providing earlier diagnosis and increased throughput, although species differentiation is not possible in areas of parasite sympatry. Real-time PCR offers the combined benefits of highly sensitive species differentiation for medium to large sample sizes. However, no molecular diagnostic workflow currently exists for the identification of Fasciola spp. in faecal samples.Methodology/Principal findingsA new molecular diagnostic workflow for the highly-sensitive detection and quantification of Fasciola spp. in faecal samples was developed. The technique involves sedimenting and pelleting the samples prior to DNA isolation in order to concentrate the eggs, followed by disruption by bead-beating in a benchtop homogeniser to ensure access to DNA. Although both the new molecular workflow and the traditional sedimentation technique were sensitive and specific, the new molecular workflow enabled faster sample throughput in medium to large epidemiological studies, and provided the additional benefit of speciation. Further, good correlation (R2 = 0.74–0.76) was observed between the real-time PCR values and the faecal egg count (FEC) using the new molecular workflow for all herds and sampling periods. Finally, no effect of storage in 70% ethanol was detected on sedimentation and DNA isolation outcomes; enabling transport of samples from endemic to non-endemic countries without the requirement of a complete cold chain. The commercially-available ELISA displayed poorer sensitivity, even after adjustment of the positive threshold (65–88%), compared to the sensitivity (91–100%) of the new molecular diagnostic workflow.Conclusions/SignificanceSpecies-specific assays for sensitive detection of Fasciola spp. enable ante-mortem diagnosis in both human and animal settings. This includes Southeast Asia where there are potentially many undocumented human cases and where post-mortem examination of production animals can be difficult. The new molecular workflow provides a sensitive and quantitative diagnostic approach for the rapid testing of medium to large sample sizes, potentially superseding the traditional sedimentation and FEC technique and enabling surveillance programs in locations where animal and human health funding is limited.

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“…In addition, the spatial proximity of infected animals, flooded vegetables usually consumed raw by humans (whether crops fields or small gardens) and shared water supplies may facilitate cross-contamination of crops and/or irrigation waters with parasite free-living stages leading to human infections in both high- and low-income countries (Esteban et al ., 2002; Nguyen et al ., 2011; Chen et al ., 2013; Milas et al ., 2020). Traditional practices such as the use of livestock manure as fertilizers might be risky if manure is not properly managed and stored to decrease the viability of Fasciola eggs (Suhardono et al ., 2006 b ). Similarly, anecdotal reports of disease outbreaks in housed livestock in high-risk areas have documented the importance of appropriate management of forage and wetland crop residues to prevent livestock infection with metacercariae (John et al ., 2019).…”

Section: Social Factors: Human Behaviour As Ultimate Driver Of Fasciomentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the comprehension of fasciolosis (re-)emergence: an integrative overview

2020

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The increasing distribution and prevalence of fasciolosis in both human and livestock are concerning. Here, we examine the various types of factors influencing fasciolosis transmission and burden and the interrelations that may exist between them. We present the arsenal of molecules, ‘adjusting’ capabilities and parasitic strategies of Fasciola to infect. Such features define the high adaptability of Fasciola species for parasitism that facilitate their transmission. We discuss current environmental perturbations (increase of livestock and land use, climate change, introduction of alien species and biodiversity loss) in relation to fasciolosis dynamics. As Fasciola infection is directly and ultimately linked to livestock management, living conditions and cultural habits, which are also changing under the pressure of globalization and climate change, the social component of transmission is also discussed. Lastly, we examine the implication of increasing scientific and political awareness in highlighting the current circulation of fasciolosis and boosting epidemiological surveys and novel diagnostic techniques. From a joint perspective, it becomes clear that factors weight differently at each place and moment, depending on the biological, environmental, social and political interrelating contexts. Therefore, the analyses of a disease as complex as fasciolosis should be as integrative as possible to dissect the realities featuring each epidemiological scenario. Such a comprehensive appraisal is presented in this review and constitutes its main asset to serve as a fresh integrative understanding of fasciolosis.

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Variations in the survival of Fasciola gigantica eggs in bovine dung stored in the sun as opposed to the shade

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Human Cases of Fascioliasis in Fujian Province, China

Human Cases of Fascioliasis in Fujian Province, China

Scrambled eggs: A highly sensitive molecular diagnostic workflow for Fasciola species specific detection from faecal samples

Towards the comprehension of fasciolosis (re-)emergence: an integrative overview

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