Variations of global gravity waves derived from 14 years of SABER temperature observations

Xiao, Li; Yue, Jia; Xu, Jiyao; García, Rolando R.; Russell, James M.; Mlynczak, Martin G.; Wu, Dong L.; Nakamura, Takuji

doi:10.1002/2017jd026604

Cited by 67 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 99 publications

(231 reference statements)

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“…The semiannual variations in zonal GW variances are consistent with other observations in the NH (Gavrilov et al, ; Placke, Stober, & Jacobi, ; Placke, Hoffmann, et al, ). In addition, the V‐shaped structure was also found in GW potential energy per unit mass derived from SABER from 70 to 100 km altitude at latitudes of 40°N and 50°N but was not found at 30°N (Liu, Yue, et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Multiyear Observations of Gravity Wave Momentum Fluxes in the Midlatitude Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Region by Meteor Radar

Jia

Xue

et al. 2018

JGR Space Physics

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Multiyear high‐frequency gravity wave (GW) momentum fluxes and variances in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region are revealed using four meteor radars along 120°E longitude at Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes for the first time, which are located at Mohe (53.5°N, 122.3°E), Beijing (40.3°N, 116.2°E), Mengcheng (33.3°N, 116.5°E), and Wuhan (30.5°N, 114.2°E), respectively. The seasonal and latitudinal variations of GW momentum fluxes in the midlatitude are discussed. The directions of the monthly mean zonal momentum fluxes are mostly against the background mean zonal winds, which agree well with the selective filtering mechanism. The seasonal variations of meridional momentum fluxes have similar trends over all four stations. The latitudinal variations in the seasonal variation of GW momentum fluxes are mainly due to the latitudinal variations of background winds and GW sources. The unexpected eastward momentum fluxes in winter over Beijing are likely caused by the secondary GWs propagating eastward from the source region over the Tibetan Plateau (25°–40°N, 70–100°E). The GW variances show a V‐shaped structure indicating annual and semiannual variations over four stations in zonal component. A quasi‐4‐month oscillation was observed over Mohe, Mengcheng, and Wuhan in meridional component. The background winds play decisive roles in these GW variance structures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Multiyear Observations of Gravity Wave Momentum Fluxes in the Midlatitude Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Region by Meteor Radar

Jia

Xue

et al. 2018

JGR Space Physics

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“…Without anything better, we use the observation at Collm as proxy as it is the result of 24 years of observation with overlapping altitudes which allows deduction of both 4-month summer and 6-month winter long-term GW variance trends. Figure 5 of Liu et al (2017) between 85 and 95 km of 40-50°N shows larger negative trends in May and June than the positive trends in July and August, giving rise to a net negative 4-month summer GW trend; similarly, it shows positive trends in November, December, and March with nearly zero trends in October, January, and February, giving rise to a net positive 6-month winter trend. Although the conclusion "The significant positive trend of GWs at around 50°N during July is consistent with that derived from medium-frequency radar observations in the height range of 80-88 km" {presumably referred to Hoffmann et al (2011), who reported the trend of GW variance (period 3-6 hr) between 1990 and 2010 at Juliusruh (55°N, 13°E) in July at this height range to be positive} does not agree with the observed negative July trend in Jacobi (2014), their signs for the 4-month summer and 6-month winter GW trends are consistent.…”

Section: Inspection Ofmentioning

confidence: 93%

Solar Response and Long‐Term Trend of Midlatitude Mesopause Region Temperature Based on 28 Years (1990–2017) of Na Lidar Observations

et al. 2019

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We present midlatitude solar response and linear trend from Colorado State University/Utah State University Na lidar nocturnal temperature observations between 1990 and 2017. Along with the nightly mean temperatures (_Ngt), we also use the corresponding 2‐hr means centered at midnight (_2MN), resulting in vertical trend profiles similar in shapes as those previously published. The 28‐year trend from _Ngt (_2MN) data set starts from a small warming at 85 km, to cooling at 87 (88) km, reaching a maximum of 1.85 ± 0.53 (1.09 ± 0.74) at 92 (93) km and turns positive again at 102 (100) km. The 6‐month winter trend is much cooler than the 4‐month summer trend with comparable solar response varying around 5 ± 1 K/100 SFU throughout the profile (85–105 km) with higher summer values. We explore the observed summer/winter trend difference in terms of observed gravity wave heat flux heating rate at a nearby station and the long‐term trend of gravity wave variance at a midlatitude. Between 89 and 100 km, the lidar trends are within the error bars of the Leibniz Middle Atmosphere (LIMA) summer trends (1979–2013), which are nearly identical to the lidar‐Ngt trend. We address the need of long data set for reliable analysis on trend, the extent of trend uncertainty due to possible tidal bias, the effect of a Pinatubo/episodic function, and the impact of stratospheric ozone recovery.

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“…The GW extraction method we use here is the same as that described in Appendix A of Liu et al (). The resolved GWs have λ z of 5–30 km.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orographic Primary and Secondary Gravity Waves in the Middle Atmosphere From 16‐Year SABER Observations

Xiao

Yue

et al. 2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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The seasonal and height dependencies of the orographic primary and larger‐scale secondary gravity waves (GWs) have been studied using the temperature profiles measured by Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) from 2002 to 2017. At ~40°S and during Southern Hemisphere winter, there is a strong GW peak over the Andes mountains that extend to z ~ 55 km. Using wind and topographic data, we show that orographic GWs break above the peak height of the stratospheric jet. At z ~ 55–65 km, GW breaking and momentum deposition create body forces that generate larger‐scale secondary GWs; we show that these latter GWs form a wide peak above 65 km with a westward tilt. At middle latitudes during summer in the respective hemisphere, orographic GW breaking also generates larger‐scale secondary GWs that propagate to higher altitudes. Both orographic primary and larger‐scale secondary GWs are likely responsible for most of the non‐equatorial peaks of the persistent global distribution of GWs in SABER.

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Variations of global gravity waves derived from 14 years of SABER temperature observations

Cited by 67 publications

References 99 publications

Multiyear Observations of Gravity Wave Momentum Fluxes in the Midlatitude Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Region by Meteor Radar

Multiyear Observations of Gravity Wave Momentum Fluxes in the Midlatitude Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Region by Meteor Radar

Solar Response and Long‐Term Trend of Midlatitude Mesopause Region Temperature Based on 28 Years (1990–2017) of Na Lidar Observations

Orographic Primary and Secondary Gravity Waves in the Middle Atmosphere From 16‐Year SABER Observations

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