Varietal effect on germination parameter at controlled and uncontrolled temperature in Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii)

Constant and Alternating Temperature Effects on Seed Germination Potential inArtemisia annuaL

“…Considering these two factors simultaneously, i.e., number of days to counting and temperatures, constant 15 • C was the best temperature, followed by alternating 20/15 • C. The germination period (i.e., the period during which the maximum number of seedlings could be obtained) was day 7-8 at constant as well as at alternating temperature regimes. Thus, it seems that temperature is a critical factor in the germination of A. annua seeds as in Asteraceae (Forsyth and Van Staden 1983), Poaceae (Verma et al 2010), Acanthaceae (Kumar, Verma, and Singh 2011), and Lamiaceae (Kumar 2012). Temperature Effect on Seed Germination Potential in Artemisia annua L.…”

“…Temperature effects can vary across varieties of a species and among seeds of the same species originating in different provenances (Bewley and Black 1994;Baskin and Baskin 2001;Yilmaz 2008;Verma et al 2010;Kumar, Verma, and Singh 2011;Kumar 2012). The temperature that promotes the highest germination percentage and rate is referred to as the optimum temperature.…”

Temperature Relations for Seed Germination Potential and Seedling Vigor in Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii)

“…Because Palmarosa is seed propagated and commercial growers suffer major losses on account of substandard seeds, it is essential to assess the germination potential and vigor of seeds to ensure a good crop stand and high yield of oil. The present study is a continuation of our earlier study (Verma et al 2010) to define the temperature and varietal effects and optimize the seed germination potential and seedling vigor under different temperatures for good crop establishment and high productivity. …”

“…However, since mass is a better indicator of seedling growth/health than length, vigor index II (based on mass) would give a better indication of early seedling vigor than index I (based on length). The low germination percentage and vigor of Vaishnavi is attributable to the genetic INTRODUCTION Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii) is an essential oil-bearing perennial crop, cultivated in India, Brazil, Paraguay, Madagascar, Guatemala, and Indonesia (Sahu, Debata, & Patnaik 2000;Singh & Kumar 2000;Verma et al 2010). Its oil is used worldwide in the soap, perfumery, and cosmetic industries because its aroma is similar to that of rose (Sahu, Debata, & Patnaik 2000;Verma et al 2010).…”

“…The low germination percentage and vigor of Vaishnavi is attributable to the genetic INTRODUCTION Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii) is an essential oil-bearing perennial crop, cultivated in India, Brazil, Paraguay, Madagascar, Guatemala, and Indonesia (Sahu, Debata, & Patnaik 2000;Singh & Kumar 2000;Verma et al 2010). Its oil is used worldwide in the soap, perfumery, and cosmetic industries because its aroma is similar to that of rose (Sahu, Debata, & Patnaik 2000;Verma et al 2010). India is a major producer and supplier of Palmarosa oil to the world market, and about 44 tons of Palmarosa oil were exported to about 19 countries, including the United States, France, and the Philippines during 2009-2010 (Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics 2010).…”