Various cell architectures of capacitive deionization: Recent advances and future trends

Tang, Wangwang; Liang, Jie; He, Di; Gong, Ji-Lai; Tang, Lin; Liu, Zhifeng; Wang, Dongbo; Zeng, Guangming

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2018.11.064

Cited by 348 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 253 publications

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“…These properties enable device operation at a high salt adsorption capacity (SAC) within a large voltage window of electrochemical stability with high reversibility and without corrosion. [3,4] A large class of 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) that are hydrophilic and exhibit metallic conductivity have shown promise in high-rate pseudocapacitive energy storage applications. [14,15] Usually, MXenes are synthesized from ternary layered ceramic materials Intercalation redox materials have shown great promise for efficient water desalination due to available faradaic gallery sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational Design of Titanium Carbide MXene Electrode Architectures for Hybrid Capacitive Deionization

Buczek

Barsoum

Uzun

et al. 2020

Energy & Environ Materials

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Intercalation redox materials have shown great promise for efficient water desalination due to available faradaic gallery sites. Symmetric capacitive deionization (CDI) cells previously demonstrated using MXenes were often limited in their salt adsorption capacity (SAC) and voltage window of operation. In this study, current collector‐ and binder‐free Ti3C2Tx MXene electrode architectures are designed with porous carbon as the positive electrode to demonstrate hybrid CDI (HCDI) operation. Furthermore, MXene current collectors are fabricated by employing a scalable doctor blade coating technique and subsequently spray coating a layer of a small flake MXene dispersion. Hydrophilic redox‐active galleries of MXenes are capable of intercalating a variety of aqueous cations including Na+, K+, and Mg2+ ions, showing volumetric capacitances up to 250 F cm‐3. As a result, a salt removal capacity of 39 mg g‐1 with decent cycling stability is achieved. This study opens new avenues for developing freestanding, binder‐ and additive‐free MXene electrodes for HCDI applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational Design of Titanium Carbide MXene Electrode Architectures for Hybrid Capacitive Deionization

Buczek

Barsoum

Uzun

et al. 2020

Energy & Environ Materials

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show abstract

“…In the category of faradaic electrodes, the ions favorably interacted with the surface and lattice of the electrodes, resulting in the insertion of the ions into the lattice structures by the changing oxidation state or redox reactions. Accordingly, their ion removal capacity can be much larger than that of capacitive electrodes [43]. Battery and battery-like materials such as sodium manganese oxide, Prussian blue analogs, 2D materials (e.g., Mxene, titanium disulfide, and molybdenum disulfide), and silver/silver chloride have been utilized as faradaic electrodes in CDI [4,18,20].…”

Section: Advancement Of Capacitive Deionization (Cdi) and Its Limitatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short Review of Multichannel Membrane Capacitive Deionization: Principle, Current Status, and Future Prospect

et al. 2020

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Capacitive deionization (CDI) has gained a lot of attention as a promising water desalination technology. Among several CDI architectures, multichannel membrane CDI (MC-MCDI) has recently emerged as one of the most innovative systems to enhance the ion removal capacity. The principal feature of MC-MCDI is the independently controllable electrode channels, providing a favorable environment for the electrodes and enhancing the desalination performance. Furthermore, MC-MCDI has been studied in various operational modes, such as concentration gradient, reverse voltage discharging for semi-continuous process, and increase of mass transfer. Furthermore, the system configuration of MC-MCDI has been benchmarked for the extension of the operation voltage and sustainable desalination. Given the increasing interest in MC-MCDI, a comprehensive review is necessary to provide recent research efforts and prospects for further development of MC-MCDI. Therefore, this review actively addresses the major principle and operational features of MC-MCDI along with conventional CDI for a better understanding of the MC-MCDI system. In addition, the innovative applications of MC-MCDI and their notable improvements are also discussed. Finally, this review briefly mentions the major challenges of MC-MCDI as well as proposes future research directions for further development of MC-MCDI as scientific and industrial desalination technologies.

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“…To convert Faradaic reactions—which are problematic reactions in the CDI process [ 72 ]—to the useful reactions, a Faradaic deionization process was developed to directly exchange the flux of electrons and ions [ 81 ]. This is also commonly referred to as the cation intercalation desalination [ 82 , 83 , 84 ] or BDI process [ 10 , 85 , 86 , 87 ] and primarily uses electrodes that can intercalate sodium ions (similar to that of battery electrodes for lithium-ion intercalation) ( Figure 3 a).…”

Section: Electrochemical Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane and Electrochemical Processes for Water Desalination: A Short Perspective and the Role of Nanotechnology

2020

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In the past few decades, membrane-based processes have become mainstream in water desalination because of their relatively high water flux, salt rejection, and reasonable operating cost over thermal-based desalination processes. The energy consumption of the membrane process has been continuously lowered (from >10 kWh m−3 to ~3 kWh m−3) over the past decades but remains higher than the theoretical minimum value (~0.8 kWh m−3) for seawater desalination. Thus, the high energy consumption of membrane processes has led to the development of alternative processes, such as the electrochemical, that use relatively less energy. Decades of research have revealed that the low energy consumption of the electrochemical process is closely coupled with a relatively low extent of desalination. Recent studies indicate that electrochemical process must overcome efficiency rather than energy consumption hurdles. This short perspective aims to provide platforms to compare the energy efficiency of the representative membrane and electrochemical processes based on the working principle of each process. Future water desalination methods and the potential role of nanotechnology as an efficient tool to overcome current limitations are also discussed.

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Various cell architectures of capacitive deionization: Recent advances and future trends

Cited by 348 publications

References 253 publications

Rational Design of Titanium Carbide MXene Electrode Architectures for Hybrid Capacitive Deionization

Rational Design of Titanium Carbide MXene Electrode Architectures for Hybrid Capacitive Deionization

Short Review of Multichannel Membrane Capacitive Deionization: Principle, Current Status, and Future Prospect

Membrane and Electrochemical Processes for Water Desalination: A Short Perspective and the Role of Nanotechnology

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