Various Plants of Traditional Rituals: Ethnobotanical Research Among The Baduy Community

Abstract

On the basis of recent studies in many places of developing countries it has been revealed that the practices of conservation of biodiversity has strongly determined by traditional ecological knowledge, and beliefs or cosmos. The aim of the study namely to elucidate; (1) some traditional rituals in the swidden management system of the Baduy community; (2) various plants that have been used for performing some rituals in the swidden management system of the Baduy community; and (3) some functions of various plants that have been used in the rituals of the swidden management system of the Baduy community. A qualitative method with ethnobotanical approach was applied in this study. The result of study shows that 9 kinds of the traditional rituals that have been predominantly undertaken by the Baduy community in the management of swidden farming system. At least 50 plant species representing 28 families have been used for those performing traditional rituals. The main function of plants in the rituals is considered as the symbolic meaning and rational function. The result of study has been considered very important that the traditional ecological knowledge and beliefs must be considered to conserve biological diversity.

Damaging Intermolecular Energy and Proton Transfer Processes in Alpha‐Particle‐Irradiated Hydrogen‐Bonded Systems

“…[9,10] Since ICD may happen between biologically relevant molecules, [11] in biomolecule-water pairs, [12,13] or between two water monomers, [14,15] it contributes to both direct and indirect damaging events.Indeed, through ICD,the initially deposited energy is converted into ap roduction of al ow energy electron and two cationic species [16] among which water cations cause perhaps the biggest concern because of their fast transformation to reactive hydroxyl radicals.I ti sa lso noteworthy that ICD-induced charge separation may lead to bond-breaking Coulomb explosion of energetic fragments. [23][24][25] An important distinctive property of collisions with alpha particles is an enhanced production of dicationic states. [23][24][25] An important distinctive property of collisions with alpha particles is an enhanced production of dicationic states.…”

“…Compared to photoionization where the ratio between double and single ionization cross-sections is typically 0.01, [26] by alpha-particle irradiation in the single-electroncapture channel this ratio increases by fifty times and becomes 0.5. [19,20,24,25] In molecular aggregates,slow RCT is usually outperformed by much faster intramolecular fragmentation given that electronic decays are energetically forbidden. [19,20,24,25] In molecular aggregates,slow RCT is usually outperformed by much faster intramolecular fragmentation given that electronic decays are energetically forbidden.…”

“…Unexpectedly,a nd in strong contrast to rare-gas clusters, [19,20,24,25] we found no RCT in the acetylene dimer. The RCT peak should appear at about 4.3 eV in the kinetic energy release (KER) spectrum ( Figure 3) being attributed to the inner turning point on the one-site localized dicationic states at about 3.36 .Its absence implies that acetylene dications in the dimer,which are rather efficiently produced upon alphaparticle impact, relax differently.O ne of possible relaxation processes is intramolecular fragmentation, which has previously been extensively addressed.…”

Farmers and tumpang sari: Case study in Palintang Hamlet, Cipanjalu Village, Bandung, Indonesia

“…In addition, almost in every stage of the swidden farming activities, such as cutting shrubs, planting and harvesting was performed by traditional ritual due to farmers' belief in the rice goddess which is locally named as Nyi Pohaci in the Sundanese or Dewi Sri in the Javanese (cf. Iskandar and Iskandar 2017). Since the swidden farming system was practiced based on the local ecological knowledge and cosmos, population still low, and economic subsistence, the destruction of environment was avoided.…”

Traditional Usages of Taro (Colocasia spp.) by Ethnic Communities in Borneo

“…The utilization of Taros is sometimes also closely related to the culture of the population of a region, so this plant is very important for communities life (Walujo, 2011). As stated by Iskandar & Iskandar (2017), it has strong relation between sociocultural aspects, the local community and managing and maintaining biodiversity. In the case of a crop like Taro, how farmers use and manage diversity is important for the conservation of its genetic resources.…”