Various radical polymerizations of glycerol‐based monomers

Abstract

This review aims at making the state of the art of the radical polymerizations of glycerolbased monomers, especially (meth)acrylate and vinylic/allylic derivatives. Acrylate and methacrylate derivatives bearing numerous secondary groups like ester, cyclocarbonate, acetal and urethane were involved in free radical polymerization and radical controlled polymerizations as well as in the photopolymerization. Glycerol-based monomers bearing a vinylic or an allylic polymerizable group polymerize by acceptor-donor process and produce alternating copolymers. From all these monomers, the synthesis of functionalized polymers was possible, leading to various valuable applications.

1,2,3‐propanetriol radicals formed during oxidative stress

“…As its price decreased dramatically, glycerol has become the ingredient of almost all cosmetics. Glycerol is the base in the synthesis of numerous compounds used as intermediates in industrial production such as solketal, glycerin carbonate, acrolein, and acrylic acid . New pathway of glycerol utilization is processing of glycerol to glycerol formals and further transesterification of oleinians .…”

“…Most of the mentioned reactions are based on the mechanism where radical intermediates are formed . Although some pathways and the structures of formed radicals are recognized, the exact structure—position of an unpaired electron—is unknown.…”

“…The experiments with DMPO (5,5‐Dimethyl‐1‐pyrroline N‐oxide) spin trap suggested mixture of different carbon centred radicals, and the exact structure of the dominant radical stayed unrecognized. Knowing the accurate position of the unpaired electron is very important as it is crucial for further reactions pathway and it determines the structure of the permanent product . Additionally, neighbouring group structure, that is, protonated is still not recognized …”

Synthesis of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers Based on SKA by RAFT Polymerization

“…From glycerol‐based monomers, the synthesis of functionalized polymers was possible, leading to various valuable applications . For instance, highly stable aqueous magnetic fluids were prepared by coating Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles with poly(glycerol monoacrylate) and its block copolymers.…”

Simulação E Análise Do Efeito Da Proporção De Reagentes Na Polimerização Radicalar Por Transferência De Átomo

“…Tais propriedades são obtidas em virtude da conformação macromolecular dos polímeros formados, que podem ser homopolímeros monodispersos (baixo índice de polidispersidade) (Zhao et al, 2013), copolímeros em bloco (Porras et al, 2013), em gradiente (Zhou et al, 2012) e polímeros funcionalizados (Badri et al, 2012;Goldmann et al, 2013;Salian e Byrne, 2013). Estes materiais com diferentes estruturas encontram aplicações em diversas áreas, como na indústria automotiva e aeroespacial (Salzinger e Rieger, 2012), cosméticos (Pham et al, 2013), na indústria médica e farmacêutica (Destarac, 2010;Singh et al, 2012).…”