Varizella-zoster-Virusinfektion

Abstract

The primary infection with varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is manifest clinically as varicella. It is a common very contagious disease, normally appearing in childhood. VZV is a ubiquitous virus with a high prevalence. Clinically it is characterized by pleomorphic skin lesions. Normally antiviral therapy is necessary only in severe cases, in adults or in immunosuppressed patients. Herpes zoster, also caused by (VZV), is a neurodermal disease representing the endogenous relapse of the primary varicella infection. Herpes zoster is characterized by lesions concentrated in the innervation region of a cranial or spinal nerve. One of the most feared manifestations of herpes zoster is pain. Several antiviral drugs are approved and many studies have shown that antiviral therapy, started early in the course of disease, can significantly reduce risk and duration of postherpetic neuralgia in elderly patients. Therefore, antiviral therapy in combination with an adequate pain management should be given to all elderly patients as soon as herpes zoster is diagnosed.

Wichtige virale und bakterielle Infektionen der Haut und Schleimhäute

“…Nach Reaktivierung (z. B. durch Sonne, Stress oder systemische Immunsuppression) gelangen die Viren oder Teile von ihnen entlang den sensorischen Nerven wieder in die Haut, replizieren sich dort in den Keratinozyten und verursachen eine Inflammation mit Nekrose [12,13].…”

Ambilateral reactivation of herpes zoster V2 following cataract operation of both eyes

“…A reactivation of neurotropic varicella zoster virus usually involves an immunocompromised condition. Triggering factors most frequently seen include chemical, physical or actinic stimuli, stress, malignoma, old age, immunosuppressive agents or HIV‐infection 1,2 . Known physical triggering factors are ionizing radiation, cryotherapy, massage and laser therapy 3–5 .…”