Varying commercialization and clutter levels to enhance television airtime attractiveness in early fringe

Profile: Does infomercial clearance vary by managerial, organizational, and market factors?

“…However, bias has been found in other broadcast policy research (Rotfeld, Parsons, Abernethy, & Pavlik, 1990;Wicks, 1991b), so the possibility that managers provided answers to make their stations "look good" should be considered when evaluating results. Regression results should be scrutinized keeping in mind that a number of categorical variables were used.…”

“…Personal cost, or the pressure to meet sales goals and avoid a negative performance evaluation, might make sales personnel more likely to accept infomercials (Trevino, 1986). Scarce resources may affect clearance (Trevino, 1986) as managers at stations which appear to have lower profit margins probably accept more infomercials as a function of simple economics (Wicks, 1991a(Wicks, , 1991b. Written organizational guidelines probably affect infomercial clearance decisions (Hunt, Wood, & Chonko, 1989) as stations having written clearance policies are more likely to request substantiation and reject ads Wicks, 1991a).…”

“…This study examines whether infomercial clearance varies by managerial, organizational, and market factors. Past research suggests that these factors affect infomercial clearance (Hayes & Rotfeld, 1988Wicks, 1991aWicks, , 1991b). Yet no study has examined all of them in tandem.…”

Advertising self-regulation: Clearance processes, effectiveness and future research agenda

“…The market-related determinant factors are: number of audience complaints (Zanot, 1990); the difference in the targeted audiences ; the size of the local market (Wicks, 1991a), and; time of broadcasting (Abernethy & Wicks, 2001;Rotfeld et al, 2004). The mediarelated determinant factors are: the stations' market power Wicks, 1991b); the number of products never accepted (Linton, 1987;Maddox & Zanot, 1984;Wicks, 1991a;Zanot, 1985); the possession of a written advertising clearance policy (Abernethy & Wicks, 2001;Linton, 1987;Wicks, 1991a;Zanot, 1985); the possession of a clearance officer (Abernethy & Wicks, 2001;Rotfeld et al, 1990a); the degree to which the station adheres to the 1982 NAB Code (Abernethy & Wicks, 2001;Linton, 1987;Maddox & Zanot, 1984;Zanot, 1985); the degree to which the station requires substantiation of ad claims (Rotfeld et al, 1990a), and; media's attitude towards controversial products (Linton, 1987;Maddox & Zanot, 1984;Zanot, 1985).…”