Vascular continuity and auxin signals

Berleth, Thomas; Mattsson, Jim; Hardtke, Christian S.

doi:10.1016/s1360-1385(00)01725-8

Cited by 198 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…However, since the targets of flavonoids in HCT-silenced plants have not been uncovered, indirect effects leading to the inhibition of auxin transport and growth reduction cannot be completely excluded. Apical-basal flow of auxin has long been suspected to be involved in vascular tissue differentiation (Berleth et al, 2000). Consistent with this assumption, a pin1 mutant that is affected in polar auxin transport showed abnormal xylem proliferation in the inflorescence axis (Galweiler et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Flavonoid Accumulation in Arabidopsis Repressed in Lignin Synthesis Affects Auxin Transport and Plant Growth

et al. 2007

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In Arabidopsis thaliana, silencing of hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HCT), a lignin biosynthetic gene, results in a strong reduction of plant growth. We show that, in HCT-silenced plants, lignin synthesis repression leads to the redirection of the metabolic flux into flavonoids through chalcone synthase activity. Several flavonol glycosides and acylated anthocyanin were shown to accumulate in higher amounts in silenced plants. By contrast, sinapoylmalate levels were barely affected, suggesting that the synthesis of that phenylpropanoid compound might be HCTindependent. The growth phenotype of HCT-silenced plants was shown to be controlled by light and to depend on chalcone synthase expression. Histochemical analysis of silenced stem tissues demonstrated altered tracheary elements. The level of plant growth reduction of HCT-deficient plants was correlated with the inhibition of auxin transport. Suppression of flavonoid accumulation by chalcone synthase repression in HCT-deficient plants restored normal auxin transport and wildtype plant growth. By contrast, the lignin structure of the plants simultaneously repressed for HCT and chalcone synthase remained as severely altered as in HCT-silenced plants, with a large predominance of nonmethoxylated H units. These data demonstrate that the reduced size phenotype of HCT-silenced plants is not due to the alteration of lignin synthesis but to flavonoid accumulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Flavonoid Accumulation in Arabidopsis Repressed in Lignin Synthesis Affects Auxin Transport and Plant Growth

et al. 2007

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“…During embryogenesis, procambial cells undergo coordinated, asymmetric cell divisions, giving rise to vascular precursor cells. In Arabidopsis, vascular pattern formation in early embryo depends on auxin biosynthesis, transport, and signaling (for review, see Berleth et al, 2000;De Smet and Jürgens, 2007;Möller and Weijers, 2009). Interestingly, recent work on the maize CWIN-deficient miniature1 mutant revealed that a decreased hexose-to-Suc ratio in basal kernel resulted in a reduction in Trpdependent indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis, due to downregulation of a YUC gene encoding a rate-limiting enzyme flavin monooxygenase, YUCCA LeClere et al, 2010).…”

Section: Roles Of Ghcwin1 In Embryonic Vascular Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights into Roles of Cell Wall Invertase in Early Seed Development Revealed by Comprehensive Spatial and Temporal Expression Patterns of GhCWIN1 in Cotton

Wang

Ruan

2012

Plant Physiology

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Despite substantial evidence on the essential roles of cell wall invertase (CWIN) in seed filling, it remains largely unknown how CWIN exerts its regulation early in seed development, a critical stage that sets yield potential. To fill this knowledge gap, we systematically examined the spatial and temporal expression patterns of a major CWIN gene, GhCWIN1, in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seeds from prefertilization to prestorage phase. GhCWIN1 messenger RNA was abundant at the innermost seed coat cell layer at 5 d after anthesis but became undetectable at 10 d after anthesis, at the onset of its differentiation into transfer cells characterized by wall ingrowths, suggesting that CWIN may negatively regulate transfer cell differentiation. Within the filial tissues, GhCWIN1 transcript was detected in endosperm cells undergoing nuclear division but not in those cells at the cellularization stage, with similar results observed in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) endosperm for CWIN, AtCWIN4. These findings indicate a function of CWIN in nuclear division but not cell wall biosynthesis in endosperm, contrasting to the role proposed for sucrose synthase (Sus). Further analyses revealed a preferential expression pattern of GhCWIN1 and AtCWIN4 in the provascular region of the torpedo embryos in cotton and Arabidopsis seed, respectively, indicating a role of CWIN in vascular initiation. Together, these novel findings provide insights into the roles of CWIN in regulating early seed development spatially and temporally. By comparing with previous studies on Sus expression and in conjunction with the expression of other related genes, we propose models of CWIN-and Sus-mediated regulation of early seed development.

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“…Auxin flow is known to be involved in vascular patterning (Berleth et al, 2000). Wild-type maize leaves have up to 30 minor veins between the major lateral veins (Freeling and Lane, 1994).…”

Section: Vascular Defects In Xcl1mentioning

confidence: 99%

L1 Division and Differentiation Patterns Influence Shoot Apical Meristem Maintenance

2006

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Plant development requires regulation of both cell division and differentiation. The class 1 KNOTTED1-like homeobox (KNOX) genes such as knotted1 (kn1) in maize (Zea mays) and SHOOTMERISTEMLESS in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) play a role in maintaining shoot apical meristem indeterminacy, and their misexpression is sufficient to induce cell division and meristem formation. KNOX overexpression experiments have shown that these genes interact with the cytokinin, auxin, and gibberellin pathways. The L1 layer has been shown to be necessary for the maintenance of indeterminacy in the underlying meristem layers. This work explores the possibility that the L1 affects meristem function by disrupting hormone transport pathways. The semidominant Extra cell layers1 (Xcl1) mutation in maize leads to the production of multiple epidermal layers by overproduction of a normal gene product. Meristem size is reduced in mutant plants and more cells are incorporated into the incipient leaf primordium. Thus, Xcl1 may provide a link between L1 division patterns, hormonal pathways, and meristem maintenance. We used double mutants between Xcl1 and dominant KNOX mutants and showed that Xcl1 suppresses the Kn1 phenotype but has a synergistic interaction with gnarley1 and rough sheath1, possibly correlated with changes in gibberellin and auxin signaling. In addition, double mutants between Xcl1 and crinkly4 had defects in shoot meristem maintenance. Thus, proper L1 development is essential for meristem function, and XCL1 may act to coordinate hormonal effects with KNOX gene function at the shoot apex.

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Vascular continuity and auxin signals

Cited by 198 publications

References 41 publications

Flavonoid Accumulation in Arabidopsis Repressed in Lignin Synthesis Affects Auxin Transport and Plant Growth

Flavonoid Accumulation in Arabidopsis Repressed in Lignin Synthesis Affects Auxin Transport and Plant Growth

New Insights into Roles of Cell Wall Invertase in Early Seed Development Revealed by Comprehensive Spatial and Temporal Expression Patterns of GhCWIN1 in Cotton

L1 Division and Differentiation Patterns Influence Shoot Apical Meristem Maintenance

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