Vascular Effects of a Sulfated Polysaccharide from the Red Marine Alga Solieria Filiformis

Abstract

Anticoagulant and antithrombotic properties of sulfated-polysaccharides (SP) from marine algae are extensively exploited. However, reports on the vascular effects of SP from red algae are rare in the literature. The polysaccharide from Solieria filiformis (Sf-SP) was isolated by ion exchange chromatography, analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis and tested in male Wistar rats. The inflammation studies were performed using the paw-edema model and the relaxant activity in isolated aorta pre-contracted with phenylephrine. The anticoagulant effect was evaluated by the test of partial thromboplastin activation time. The SP (1 mg/kg) was not anti-inflammatory, but induced acute edema with maximal activity at 30 min (0.35 ± 0.04 mL) compared to controls (0.05 ± 0.03 mL). Cumulative addition of Sf-SP in phenylephrine-contracted tissues produced relaxation with maximal inhibition of 69% (IC 50 29.3 ± 9.0 μg/mL) at 300 μg/mL in comparison to controls (0.51 ± 0.09 g). Sf-SP also extended human plasma coagulation time by 2.1 times. These substances could be used as important tools for the study of vascular alterations.

The involvement of the HO-1 pathway in the anti-inflammatory action of a sulfated polysaccharide isolated from the red seaweed Gracilaria birdiae

“…However, SP-Gb (5 or 20 mg/kg) did not show efficacy. These data are in accordance with the literature that reports both anti-and pro-inflammatory effects with sulfated polysaccharides from seaweeds [16,17,[37][38][39]. It is believed that the presence of an effect with SP-Gb only at the intermediate dose is related to the ''all or none'' or quantal stimulus, in which the animal discriminates the presence or absence of the ideal dose and then emits a ''yes or no'' response [40].…”

A report of a galactan from marine alga Gelidium crinale with in vivo anti‐inflammatory and antinociceptive effects

“…crinale presents anti‐inflammatory and antinociceptive properties, mainly on inflammatory pain models. Classically, anti‐inflammatory activities have been attributed to sulfated fucans [16,29] and pro‐inflammatory effects to sulfated galactans [12–14]. However, there is an in vitro study showing anti‐inflammatory effect of sulfated polysaccharide fractions (containing galactose as major sugar) from the red alga of Delesseria sanguinea [15] and an in vivo study using sulfated polysaccharides of red microalgae [30].…”

“…These galactans have been widely exploited by their anticoagulant and antithrombotic properties, as a substitute of heparin, which appear to be dependent on the sulfatation content and/or position of sulfate groups [5–7]. Besides, other biological activities were shown for sulfated polysaccharides of red algae such as antiviral [8], antioxidant [9], antinociceptive [10], antitumoral, immune stimulant [11], and pro‐inflammatory [12–14]. However, the role of polysaccharides of red algae as anti‐inflammatory is little studied, being only described in vitro [15], while those of brown algae are well demonstrated both in vitro [16,17] and in vivo [18,19].…”

“…In conclusion, SG-Gc presents anti-inflammatory effect involving the inhibition of histamine and arachidonic acid metabolites and also antinociceptive activity, especially the inflammatory pain with participation of the opioid system. sulfated polysaccharides of red algae such as antiviral [8], antioxidant [9], antinociceptive [10], antitumoral, immune stimulant [11], and pro-inflammatory [12][13][14]. However, the role of polysaccharides of red algae as anti-inflammatory is little studied, being only described in vitro [15], while those of brown algae are well demonstrated both in vitro [16,17] and in vivo [18,19].…”

Sulfated Polysaccharides Derived from Hypnea valentiae and Their Potential of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anticoagulant Activities with In Silico Docking

“…Seaweeds are a major source of sulfated polysaccharides, particles which are widely employed in food, feed, and medicine due to their rheological qualities as gelling and stabilizing agents [ 1 , 2 ]. Sulfated polysaccharides have numerous biological and physiological activities, including antithrombotic [ 3 ], anticoagulant [ 4 ], antioxidant [ 5 ], antidiabetic [ 6 ], antibacterial [ 7 ], immunomodulatory [ 8 , 9 ], antiviral [ 10 ], antiinflammatory [ 11 ], antinociceptive [ 12 , 13 ], antitumor [ 14 ], and proinflammatory effects [ 15 , 16 ]. Sulfated polysaccharides including agarans, galactans, and carrageenans are also available abundantly.…”