Vascular Graph Model to Simulate the Cerebral Blood Flow in Realistic Vascular Networks

Reichold, Johannes; Stampanoni, Marco; Keller, Anna Lena; Buck, Alfred; Jenny, Patrick; Weber, Bruno

doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2009.58

Cited by 179 publications

(210 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…To our knowledge, this issue has not been clearly discussed in earlier studies (Reichold et al, 2009). In the case of brain vessels, earlier investigations have shown that a representative elementary volume can be identified in primate cortex (Risser et al, 2007).…”

Section: Boundary Condition Implementationmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…This is an important improvement over other recent works (Reichold et al, 2009) where rectilinear, single diameter tubes with homogeneous plasma flows were used to model CBF in rat cortex. Our method is applied to primate cortical brain microvascular networks whose structure has been exhaustively analyzed (Risser et al, 2007(Risser et al, , 2009.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The numerical evaluation of this integral, using a composite Simpson rule, allows to take into account the vessel tortuosity as well as the local diameter variations. In the following, we evaluate the impact of such a detailed estimation of the hydraulic conductance compared with a simplified approach neglecting both vessel tortuosity and diameter variations (Reichold et al, 2009). The apparent viscosity in the right-hand-side integral of relation (2) is evaluated from the above-mentioned viscosity models.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Network Transport Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerebral Blood Flow Modeling in Primate Cortex

Guibert

Fonta

Plouraboué

2010

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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We report new results on blood flow modeling over large volumes of cortical gray matter of primate brain. We propose a network method for computing the blood flow, which handles realistic boundary conditions, complex vessel shapes, and complex nonlinear blood rheology. From a detailed comparison of the available models for the blood flow rheology and the phase separation effect, we are able to derive important new results on the impact of network structure on blood pressure, hematocrit, and flow distributions. Our findings show that the network geometry (vessel shapes and diameters), the boundary conditions associated with the arterial inputs and venous outputs, and the effective viscosity of the blood are essential components in the flow distribution. In contrast, we show that the phase separation effect has a minor function in the global microvascular hemodynamic behavior. The behavior of the pressure, hematocrit, and blood flow distributions within the network are described through the depth of the primate cerebral cortex and are discussed.

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Section: Boundary Condition Implementationmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Evaluation Of the Network Transport Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerebral Blood Flow Modeling in Primate Cortex

Guibert

Fonta

Plouraboué

2010

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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“…(2) The physiologic basis of image contrast in functional magnetic resonance imaging critically depends on the underlying microvasculature (Moonen et al, 1990;Pathak et al, 2003Pathak et al, , 2008c. (3) The cerebral vasculature is central to understanding the hemodynamics and the pharmacokinetics of novel therapies in the brain (Reichold et al, 2009). (4) The widespread development of transgenic mouse models of neurologic disease has created a need for characterizing the vasculature of the murine brain (Raman et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular phenotyping of brain tumors using magnetic resonance microscopy (μMRI)

Kim

Zhang

Hong

et al. 2011

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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Abnormal vascular phenotypes have been implicated in neuropathologies ranging from Alzheimer's disease to brain tumors. The development of transgenic mouse models of such diseases has created a crucial need for characterizing the murine neurovasculature. Although histologic techniques are excellent for imaging the microvasculature at submicron resolutions, they offer only limited coverage. It is also challenging to reconstruct the three-dimensional (3D) vasculature and other structures, such as white matter tracts, after tissue sectioning. Here, we describe a novel method for 3D whole-brain mapping of the murine vasculature using magnetic resonance microscopy (lMRI), and its application to a preclinical brain tumor model. The 3D vascular architecture was characterized by six morphologic parameters: vessel length, vessel radius, microvessel density, length per unit volume, fractional blood volume, and tortuosity. Region-of-interest analysis showed significant differences in the vascular phenotype between the tumor and the contralateral brain, as well as between postinoculation day 12 and day 17 tumors. These results unequivocally show the feasibility of using lMRI to characterize the vascular phenotype of brain tumors. Finally, we show that combining these vascular data with coregistered images acquired with diffusion-weighted MRI provides a new tool for investigating the relationship between angiogenesis and concomitant changes in the brain tumor microenvironment.

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“…The vasculature was segmented from the 3D angioarchitecture changes after SCI using SR-PCT J Hu et al tissue using an iterative gray level-based threshold algorithm. 21 A binary 3D vascular structure was obtained. To eliminate small, disconnected objects and gaps in the vasculature, the binary image was subjected to a 3D size filter to remove isolated background and foreground regions smaller than three voxels.…”

Section: Srμct Imaging and Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

3D angioarchitecture changes after spinal cord injury in rats using synchrotron radiation phase-contrast tomography

Cao

et al. 2015

Spinal Cord

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Study design: A basic experiment study. Objectives: An understanding of the three-dimensional (3D) angioarchitecture changes that occur after SCI will improve our knowledge of the pathogenesis of SCI and aid in the development of valuable therapeutic strategies to improve its poor outcomes. Our aim was to visualize the normal and traumatized spinal angioarchitecture in 3D using a high-resolution synchrotron radiation phase-contrast tomography (SR-PCT) and evaluate its diagnostic capability. Setting: SCI Center of Xiangya Hospital of Central South University in China. Methods: SR-PCT was used as novel high-resolution imaging tool to detect 3D morphological alterations in spinal cord microvasculature after injury. Results: In a rat model, the morphology of the microvasculature on 2D digital slices was matched with histological findings in both the normal and injured spinal cord. 3D angioarchitecture changes after SCI were successfully obtained via SR-PCT without the use of a contrast agent. Quantitative analysis on 3D images of the injured spinal cord revealed a significant decrease in the number and volume of vascular networks. This was especially relevant to vessels with a diameter o50 μm. Conclusion: The 3D local blood supply to the spinal cord was severely disrupted after the acute violent injury. Our results indicate that the use of SR-PCT may improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of SCI and provide a new approach to the morphological investigation of neurovascular diseases in preclinical research. INTRODUCTIONThe spinal cord microvasculature is a complex and delicate threedimensional (3D) structure in the central nervous system. Under normal physiological conditions, the spinal cord microvasculature enables neural tissue to survive by providing necessary nutrition and maintaining a balanced local microenvironment. 1 Under the pathological process of a spinal cord injury (SCI), acute trauma can severely injure the spinal cord vasculature and result in irreversible damage to neurological function. 2 Revascularization following SCI is a complex process that involves remodeling of the number, connectivity, spatial distribution and direction of blood vessels, all of which affect the functional recovery of the spinal cord from trauma-induced ischemia. 3 Knowledge of the 3D pathologic changes in the spinal cord microvasculature after SCI may aid in the development of valuable therapeutic strategies to improve its poor outcomes. Currently, there is a lack of effective imaging techniques for quantitative evaluation of the microvasculature difference in normal and injured spinal cord models. A number of studies have used 2D and 3D imaging to investigate the vascular response to SCI, but available technology is not sophisticated enough to provide clinically meaningful results. 4 Micro-computed tomography is a powerful 3D imaging tool that is widely used to examine the morphology of various biomedical structures. 5 However, low spatial resolution renders this tool unsuitable for accurate and complete 3D reconst...

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Vascular Graph Model to Simulate the Cerebral Blood Flow in Realistic Vascular Networks

Cited by 179 publications

References 29 publications

Cerebral Blood Flow Modeling in Primate Cortex

Cerebral Blood Flow Modeling in Primate Cortex

Vascular phenotyping of brain tumors using magnetic resonance microscopy (μMRI)

3D angioarchitecture changes after spinal cord injury in rats using synchrotron radiation phase-contrast tomography

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