Vascular leiomyoma of the superior turbinate: First reported case

Abstract

Background. Vascular leiomyoma is an uncommon smooth muscle tumor rarely found in the head and neck area. We report the first case arising from the superior turbinate of the nasal cavity.Methods. A case presentation, treatment, and review of the literature are discussed.Results. Twenty-one months after embolization and surgical resection, the patient is doing well, without evidence of recurrence.Conclusions. Vascular leiomyoma is a rare benign tumor of the nasal cavity, and surgical excision yields high cure rates. ©

Angioleiomioma de cavidade nasal: relato de um caso e revisão de literatura

“…1 According to the literature, the most common symptoms are (considering the present case): nasal obstruction (56.25%), epistaxis (56.25%), facial pain (25%) and headache (25%). [1][2][3][4][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Comparing literature data, we observed that the most frequent location of the vascular leiomyoma in the nasal cavity has been in the inferior turbinate. Of the 15 cases described (Table 1), 5 originated in the inferior turbinate; and as to symptoms, the initial complaint was nasal bleeding.…”

“…In both cases, the neoplasia seem to develop from the vessels' smooth muscle. 11 Vascular leiomyomas are made up of bundles of relatively organized smooth muscle cells, permeated by thick walled vessels. The surface lesions are made mainly by thick wall vessels associated with proliferative muscle tissue.…”

“…In the limbs, these tumors are mainly solid; while in the head and neck they are frequently of the venous type.8,11 Histopathological differential diagnosis includes hemangioma, angiofibroma, fibromyoma, leiomyoblastoma, angiomyolipoma, vascular leiomyosarcoma. 11 There are reports of malignant tumor variants of this line. Lack of mitosis seems to indicate the tumor's benign characteristics.…”

“…Lack of mitosis seems to indicate the tumor's benign characteristics. 11 Many dyes and immunohistochemical tests have been used to identify vascular leiomyomas, including desmine, vimentin, Masson's tricomono, actin and myosin. However, this spectrum of methods is not necessary for the diagnosis.…”

“…1,3 Less than 1% happen in some head and neck structure.1 Maesaka et al (1966) described the first case of nasal vascular leiomyoma. 1,3,7,8,11 Since then, 15 cases of nasosinusal vascular leiomyomas have been described, five of them in the inferior turbinate. 1,11 We hereby present a case of vascular leiomyoma, its treatment and literature review.…”