Vascular Risk Reduction in Obesity through Reduced Granulocyte Burden and Improved Angiogenic Monocyte Content following Bariatric Surgery

Hess, David A.; Trac, Justin Z.; Glazer, Stephen; Terenzi, Daniella C.; Quan, Adrian; Teoh, Hwee; Al‐Omran, Mohammed; Bhatt, Deepak L.; Mazer, C. David; Rotstein, Ori D.; Verma, Subodh

doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100018

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Further, bariatric surgery decreased monocyte content and shifted circulatory T lymphocytes from Th2 to more pro-inflammatory Th1 [ 262 , 267 , 268 ]. Bariatric surgery has been indicated to restore pre-obesity ratios of M1/M2-like macrophages [ 269 ]. This polarization shift may be related to weight loss-induced decreases in the expression of molecules involved in macrophage chemotaxis and relief of the tissue hypoxia commonly found in obese patients [ 270 ].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Improved Metabolic Outcomes Associated With Su...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of obesity and bariatric surgery-induced weight loss in breast cancer

Bohm

Sipe

Pye

et al. 2022

Cancer Metastasis Rev

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Obesity is a complex metabolic condition considered a worldwide public health crisis, and a deeper mechanistic understanding of obesity-associated diseases is urgently needed. Obesity comorbidities include many associated cancers and are estimated to account for 20% of female cancer deaths in the USA. Breast cancer, in particular, is associated with obesity and is the focus of this review. The exact causal links between obesity and breast cancer remain unclear. Still, interactions have emerged between body mass index, tumor molecular subtype, genetic background, and environmental factors that strongly suggest obesity influences the risk and progression of certain breast cancers. Supportive preclinical research uses various diet-induced obesity models to demonstrate that weight loss, via dietary interventions or changes in energy expenditure, reduces the onset or progression of breast cancers. Ongoing and future studies are now aimed at elucidating the underpinning mechanisms behind weight-loss-driven observations to improve therapy and outcomes in patients with breast cancer and reduce risk. This review aims to summarize the rapidly emerging literature on obesity and weight loss strategies with a focused discussion of bariatric surgery in both clinical and preclinical studies detailing the complex interactions between metabolism, immune response, and immunotherapy in the setting of obesity and breast cancer.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Improved Metabolic Outcomes Associated With Su...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of obesity and bariatric surgery-induced weight loss in breast cancer

Bohm

Sipe

Pye

et al. 2022

Cancer Metastasis Rev

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“…Bariatric surgery improves M2/M1 ratio, favoring M2 polarization of macrophages, as well as it leads to elevated levels of circulating anti-inflammatory IL-10, pointing to resolution of systemic inflammation and reduced oxidative stress [ 89 ]. The metabolic function of adipocytes is also improved after procedure [ 90 ].…”

Section: Surgical Interventions For Obesity and The Impact On Redox H...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid Peroxidation in Obesity: Can Bariatric Surgery Help?

Soldo¹,

Soldo²,

Karačić³

et al. 2022

Antioxidants

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Obesity and chronic oxidative stress, often being associated with each other in a vicious circle, are important factors of chronic diseases. Although it was usually considered to accompany aging and wealth, global trends show the increase in obesity among children even in Third World countries. Being manifested by an imbalance between energy consumption and food intake, obesity is characterized by an excessive or abnormal fat accumulation, impaired redox homeostasis and metabolic changes often associated with the self-catalyzed lipid peroxidation generating 4-hydroxynonenal, pluripotent bioactive peroxidation product of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Conservative methods targeting obesity produced only modest and transient results in the treatment of morbid obesity. Therefore, in recent years, surgery, primarily bariatric, became an attractive treatment for morbid obesity. Since adipose tissue is well known as a stress organ with pronounced endocrine functions, surgery results in redox balance and metabolic improvement of the entire organism. The source of bioactive lipids and lipid-soluble antioxidants, and the complex pathophysiology of lipid peroxidation should thus be considered from the aspects of personalized and integrative biomedicine to treat obesity in an appropriate way.

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“…Bariatric surgery, indicated as an intervention for obesity (6), is associated with signi cant and sustained weight loss, as well as improved metabolic health and reduction in circulating in ammatory factors long-term (7)(8)(9)(10)(11). More recent studies have started to address the impact of bariatric surgery on immune compartments (12)(13)(14)(15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct B cell profiles characterise healthy weight and obesity pre- and post-bariatric surgery

Šlisere

Arisova

Aizbalte

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background/Objectives. Obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction and inflammation can be ameliorated by bariatric surgery. While obesity is also linked to impaired B cell activation, differentiation, and persistence in response to infection and vaccination little is known about post-operative immune B cell compartment and to what extent dysregulation in B cell pathways can be reversed. To bridge this gap in knowledge, we carried out in-depth evaluation of B cell composition in obese individuals prior to and following bariatric surgery compared to lean controls. Subjects/Methods. We recruited individuals with obesity (BMI at least 35 kg/m2) before bariatric surgery (n = 21) and followed them up 6 months post-operatively (n = 17). As controls we recruited age- and sex-matched lean (BMI < 25) individuals (n = 18). We carried out comprehensive immunophenotyping of peripheral blood B cells as well as interrogated their association with inflammatory and metabolic parameters. Results. In obesity the balance of antigen-inexperienced and memory B cells in the peripheral blood is altered, with an expansion of naïve and a reduction in total memory B cells. 6 months following bariatric surgery this balance is restored. However, post-operative patients are uniquely characterised by an increase in B cell subsets associated with chronic inflammation – CD11c+CXCR5−IgD−CD27− double negative 2 (DN2) B cells and CD27+CD38++ plasmablasts. Correlations between B cells subsets, inflammatory and metabolic parameters were distinct in lean and obese individuals pre- and post-bariatric surgery. Conclusions. Bariatric surgery patients display a unique B cell profile 6 months post-operatively; this bears minimal resemblance to that of pre-operative patients and only partially overlaps with that of lean controls. Post-operative differences in the B cell compartment compared to lean controls are detected despite global amelioration of inflammation and restoration of metabolic health. Collectively, this indicates that bariatric surgery creates a specific immunometabolic state with potential implications for health outcomes.

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Vascular Risk Reduction in Obesity through Reduced Granulocyte Burden and Improved Angiogenic Monocyte Content following Bariatric Surgery

Cited by 22 publications

References 17 publications

The role of obesity and bariatric surgery-induced weight loss in breast cancer

The role of obesity and bariatric surgery-induced weight loss in breast cancer

Lipid Peroxidation in Obesity: Can Bariatric Surgery Help?

Distinct B cell profiles characterise healthy weight and obesity pre- and post-bariatric surgery

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