Vascularization of LBL structured nanofibrous matrices with endothelial cells for tissue regeneration

Abstract

The aligned LBL scaffold promoted host vessel infiltration into the scaffolds and integration with in vitro prefabricated vascular structures.

Surface Micro‐ and Nanoengineering: Applications of Layer‐by‐Layer Technology as a Versatile Tool to Control Cellular Behavior

“…Chitosan (CHT) and collagen type I (COL I) were assembly together using LbL to create a biomimetic coating on nanofibrous matrices fabricated by electrospinning of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) together . Also, isotropic and anisotropic electrospun poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)/cellulose nanofibers were modified with the LbL deposition of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and COL I to engineer functional vascular structures . In fact, the development of an LbL‐structured nanofibrous mats improved the vascularization in vivo, up‐regulating the expression of specific ECM proteins, which indicates the potential of the material to restore the structure and function of wounded skin or to be used as implantable vascular grafts.…”

“…Elongated cells presented cells elongations higher than 1.3, while round cells presented cells elongations lower than 1.3. C) Cytoskeleton development of HUVECs grown on the randomly oriented and aligned (CS/COL) 20 electrospun meshes (Adapted with permission . Copyright 2017, Royal Society of Chemistry).…”

“…Isotropic and anisotropic structured LbL nanostructures can be compared in terms of feasibility to construct functional structures for tissue engineering. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were seeded onto LBL isotropic and anisotropic structured poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)/cellulose‐based nanofibers and analyzed for cell organization . The authors found that aligned nanofibers could guide morphogenesis and regulate cytoskeleton organization of HUVECs: after 3 d in culture, nuclei and F‐actin staining showed cells obviously oriented along the direction of nanofibers when adhered on anisotropic substrates (aligned (CS/COL) 20 electrospun meshes) (see Figure C).…”

“…Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were seeded onto LBL isotropic and anisotropic structured poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)/cellulose‐based nanofibers and analyzed for cell organization . The authors found that aligned nanofibers could guide morphogenesis and regulate cytoskeleton organization of HUVECs: after 3 d in culture, nuclei and F‐actin staining showed cells obviously oriented along the direction of nanofibers when adhered on anisotropic substrates (aligned (CS/COL) 20 electrospun meshes) (see Figure C). In contrast, nuclei and F‐actin staining showed cells with an arbitrary orientation when adhered on isotropic substrates (randomly oriented (CS/COL) 20 electrospun meshes) (see Figure C) .…”

“…The authors found that aligned nanofibers could guide morphogenesis and regulate cytoskeleton organization of HUVECs: after 3 d in culture, nuclei and F‐actin staining showed cells obviously oriented along the direction of nanofibers when adhered on anisotropic substrates (aligned (CS/COL) 20 electrospun meshes) (see Figure C). In contrast, nuclei and F‐actin staining showed cells with an arbitrary orientation when adhered on isotropic substrates (randomly oriented (CS/COL) 20 electrospun meshes) (see Figure C) . Such observations suggested that the orientation of nanofibers together with their LBL modification can be crucial to regulate cell alignment, being able to phenotypically change the cells.…”