VdCrz1 is involved in microsclerotia formation and required for full virulence in Verticillium dahliae

Xiong, Dan; Wang, Yonglin; Tang, Chen; Fang, Yulin; Zou, Jingyi; Tian, Chengming

doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2015.07.011

Cited by 55 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…dahliae . For instance, deletion of VdCrz1 , the transcription factor involved in regulating melanin synthesis, delayed the formation of penetration peg relative to the wild type strain, and significantly reduced the virulence of the mutant strain on cotton (Xiong et al ., ; Zhao et al ., ). In this study, we also found that VdSho1 signalling regulated melanin accumulation that in turn affected morphogenesis in V .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Verticillium dahliae Sho1‐MAPK pathway regulates melanin biosynthesis and is required for cotton infection

Zhou

Yin

et al. 2019

Environmental Microbiology

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Summary Verticillium dahliae is a soil‐borne fungus that causes vascular wilt on numerous plants worldwide. The fungus survives in the soil for up to 14 years by producing melanized microsclerotia. The protective function of melanin in abiotic stresses is well documented. Here, we found that the V. dahliae tetraspan transmembrane protein VdSho1, a homolog of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sho1, acts as an osmosensor, and is required for plant penetration and melanin biosynthesis. The deletion mutant ΔSho1 was incubated on a cellophane membrane substrate that mimics the plant epidermis, revealing that the penetration of ΔSho1 strain was reduced compared to the wild‐type strain. Furthermore, VdSho1 regulates melanin biosynthesis by a signalling mechanism requiring a kinase‐kinase signalling module of Vst50‐Vst11‐Vst7. Strains, ΔVst50, ΔVst7 and ΔVst11 also displayed defective penetration and melanin production like the ΔSho1 strain. Defects in penetration and melanin production in ΔSho1 were restored by overexpression of Vst50, suggesting that Vst50 lies downstream of VdSho1 in the regulatory pathway governing penetration and melanin biosynthesis. Data analyses revealed that the transmembrane portion of VdSho1 was essential for both membrane penetration and melanin production. This study demonstrates that Vst50‐Vst11‐Vst7 module regulates VdSho1‐mediated plant penetration and melanin production in V. dahliae, contributing to virulence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Verticillium dahliae Sho1‐MAPK pathway regulates melanin biosynthesis and is required for cotton infection

Zhou

Yin

et al. 2019

Environmental Microbiology

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“…As our understanding of the pathogenicity of V. dahliae increases, it appears that a variety of genes are required for virulence towards host plants, including protein kinases (Rauyaree et al ., ; Tian et al ., ; Tzima et al ., ), TFs (Luo et al ., ; Santhanam et al ., ; Sarmiento‐Villamil et al ., ; Tran et al ., ; Xiong et al ., ), effectors (de Jonge et al ., ; Liu et al ., ; Santhanam et al ., ), enzymes involved in plant cell wall degradation (Chen et al ., ; Liu et al ., ; Maruthachalam et al ., ) and other functional genes (Gao et al ., ; Klimes and Dobinson, ; Li et al ., ; Maruthachalam et al ., ; Santhanam et al ., ; Zhang DD et al ., ; Zhang YL et al ., ). In this study, we identified a new pathogenicity and virulence‐related gene encoding a Fungal_trans domain‐containing TF (Figs and ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reference genome of V. dahliae strain VdLs.17 is predicted to encode 530 TFs classified into 42 TF families (Klosterman et al ., ; Park et al ., ). Like the TFs in other phytopathogens, V. dahliae TFs, including VdSge1 (Santhanam and Thomma, ), Vta2 (Tran et al ., ), VdCrz1 (Xiong et al ., ), Vdpf (Luo et al ., ) and Vst1 (Sarmiento‐Villamil et al ., ), also play important roles in processes involved in pathogenicity, microsclerotium development and morphological development. In addition, gene activity during V. dahliae pathogenesis is regulated by several important signalling factors (Rauyaree et al ., ; Tian et al ., ; Tzima et al ., ) that positively regulate virulence factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Verticillium dahliae transcription factor VdFTF1 regulates the expression of multiple secreted virulence factors and is required for full virulence in cotton

Zhang

Gui

Short

et al. 2017

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Fungal transcription factors (TFs) implicated in the regulation of virulence gene expression have been identified in a number of plant pathogens. In Verticillium dahliae, despite its agricultural importance, few regulators of transcription have been characterized. In this study, a T-DNA insertion mutant with significantly reduced virulence towards cotton was identified. The T-DNA was traced to VdFTF1, a gene encoding a TF containing a Fungal_trans domain. Transient expression in onion epidermal cells indicated that VdFTF1 is localized to the nucleus. The VdFTF1-deletion strains displayed normal vegetative growth, mycelial pigmentation and conidial morphology, but exhibited significantly reduced virulence on cotton, suggesting that VdFTF1 is required exclusively for pathogenesis. Comparisons of global transcription patterns of wild-type and VdFTF1-deletion strains indicated that VdFTF1 affected the expression of 802 genes, 233 of which were associated with catalytic processes. These genes encoded 69 potentially secreted proteins, 43 of which contained a carbohydrate enzyme domain known to participate in pathogenesis during infection of cotton. Targeted gene deletion of one VdFTF1-regulated gene resulted in significantly impaired vascular colonization, as measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, as well as aggressiveness and symptom severity in cotton. In conclusion, VdFTF1, which encodes a TF containing a Fungal_trans domain, regulates the gene expression of plant cell wall degradation enzymes in V. dahliae, which are required for full virulence on cotton.

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“…Similarly, in the head blight‐causing fungus Fusarium graminearum 26% of 657 tested transcription factors showed a phenotypic effect during mycelial growth, conidia production and toxin production (Son et al , ). In summary, a number of transcription factors, which play important roles in host infection and pathogenesis, have been identified for several important crop pathogens (Chen et al , ; Okmen et al , ; Xiong et al , ; Zhang et al , ; Zhuang et al , ). In Z. tritici , however, only a few regulatory genes have been characterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The transcription factor Zt107320 affects the dimorphic switch, growth and virulence of the fungal wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici

Habig

Bahena-Garrido

Barkmann

et al. 2019

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Summary Zymoseptoria tritici is a filamentous fungus causing Septoria tritici blotch in wheat. The pathogen has a narrow host range and infections of grasses other than susceptible wheat are blocked early after stomatal penetration. During these abortive infections, the fungus shows a markedly different gene expression pattern. However, the underlying mechanisms causing differential gene expression during host and non‐host interactions are largely unknown, but likely include transcriptional regulators responsible for the onset of an infection programme in compatible hosts. MoCOD1, a member of the fungal Zn(II)2Cys6 transcription factor family, has been shown to directly affect pathogenicity in the rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. Here, we analyse the role of the putative transcription factor Zt107320, a homologue of MoCOD1, during infection of compatible and incompatible hosts by Z. tritici. We show for the first time that Zt107320 is differentially expressed in host versus non‐host infections and that lower expression corresponds to an incompatible infection of non‐hosts. Applying reverse genetics approaches, we further show that Zt107320 regulates the dimorphic switch as well as the growth rate of Z. tritici and affects fungal cell wall composition in vitro. Moreover, ∆Zt107320 mutants showed reduced virulence during compatible infections of wheat. We conclude that Zt107320 directly influences pathogen fitness and propose that Zt107320 is involved in the regulation of growth processes and pathogenicity during infection.

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VdCrz1 is involved in microsclerotia formation and required for full virulence in Verticillium dahliae

Cited by 55 publications

References 54 publications

The Verticillium dahliae Sho1‐MAPK pathway regulates melanin biosynthesis and is required for cotton infection

The Verticillium dahliae Sho1‐MAPK pathway regulates melanin biosynthesis and is required for cotton infection

Verticillium dahliae transcription factor VdFTF1 regulates the expression of multiple secreted virulence factors and is required for full virulence in cotton

The transcription factor Zt107320 affects the dimorphic switch, growth and virulence of the fungal wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici

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