“…These tools screened for both substance use and gambling in either a treatment setting (Christo et al, 2003 ; and Denis et al, 2016 ) or in the general population (MacLaren & Best, 2010 ; and Schluter et al, 2018 ). The remaining 4 tools screened for risk factors across a diverse range of health concerns including substance use and gambling in a primary health setting (Goodyear-Smith et al, 2004 , 2009 , 2013 , 2021 ; and Elley et al,. 2014 ) or for underlying behavioral traits in the general population (Chamberlain & Grant, 2018 ; Guo et al, 2017 ; and Rockloff and Dyer, 2006 ).…”