Vector Competence of Thrips Species to Transmit Soybean Vein Necrosis Virus

Han, Jin‐Hee; Nalam, Vamsi J.; Yu, I‐Chen; Nachappa, Punya

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00431

Cited by 17 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In fact, the intensity of WBNV-specific fluorescence was the highest in the anterior midgut throughout all the life stages of T. palmi. These findings are consistent with earlier reports by Han and colleagues [ 10 ], where 1.5 times more virus infection was recorded in MG1 than in salivary glands in adults of soybean thrips, Neohydatothrips variabilis (Beach). In contrast, Montero-Astúa and colleagues [ 9 ] reported less infection of TSWV in MG1 than in the PSG in adults of F. occidentalis .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The F. occidentalis -TSWV model pathosystem has been studied widely to describe the relationship of thrips and tospoviruses. The localization of TSWV in its vectors was reported by Nagata et al [ 7 ], Montero-Astúa et al [ 9 ], de Assis Filho et al [ 30 ], Han et al [ 10 ], and Tsuda et al [ 31 ]. It is understood that adult thrips can only transmit tospoviruses if acquisition takes place during the early larval stages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In the case of TSWV, initial replication occurs in epithelial cells of MG1, and infection subsequently spreads to surrounding muscle cells, leading to further infection of the entire gut of F. occidentalis . TSWV infection progresses to the PSG through the TSG or connecting ligaments [ 7 , 9 , 10 ]. Little is known about whether other tospoviruses follow the same route of infection in their respective thrips vectors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adult thrips become viruliferous if virus acquisition takes place in an early larval instar [ 7 , 8 ]. TSWV replicates in the midgut and surrounding tissues and reaches salivary glands through either the tubular salivary glands (TSG) or thread-like connecting ligaments [ 7 , 9 , 10 ]. Although many other circulative viruses are thought to travel from the gut to the salivary glands via a hemolymph route, tospovirus particles have not been encountered in the hemolymph in any study [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progression of Watermelon Bud Necrosis Virus Infection in Its Vector, Thrips palmi

Ghosh

Priti

Mandal

et al. 2021

Cells

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Thrips are important pests of agricultural, horticultural, and forest crops worldwide. In addition to direct damages caused by feeding, several thrips species can transmit diverse tospoviruses. The present understanding of thrips–tospovirus relationships is largely based on studies of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis). Little is known about other predominant tospoviruses and their thrips vectors. In this study, we report the progression of watermelon bud necrosis virus (WBNV) infection in its vector, melon thrips (Thrips palmi). Virus infection was visualized in different life stages of thrips using WBNV-nucleocapsid protein antibodies detected with FITC-conjugated secondary antibodies. The anterior midgut was the first to be infected with WBNV in the first instar larvae. The midgut of T. palmi was connected to the principal salivary glands (PSG) via ligaments and the tubular salivary glands (TSG). The infection progressed to the PSG primarily through the connecting ligaments during early larval instars. The TSG may also have an ancillary role in disseminating WBNV from the midgut to PSG in older instars of T. palmi. Infection of WBNV was also spread to the Malpighian tubules, hindgut, and posterior portion of the foregut during the adult stage. Maximum virus-specific fluorescence in the anterior midgut and PSG indicated the primary sites for WBNV replication. These findings will help to better understand the thrips–tospovirus molecular relationships and identify novel potential targets for their management. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the WBNV dissemination path in its vector, T. palmi.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progression of Watermelon Bud Necrosis Virus Infection in Its Vector, Thrips palmi

Ghosh

Priti

Mandal

et al. 2021

Cells

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“…We estimated recent and historical gene flow among populations using Bayesian methods implemented in BayeSaSS version 3.0.4 (Han, Nalam, Yu, & Nachappa, 2019) and migrate version 3.7.2 (Beerli & Felsenstein, 2001), respectively. BayesAss was used to estimate gene flow for the past few generations.…”

Section: Demographical History Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid and strong population genetic differentiation and genomic signatures of climatic adaptation in an invasive mealybug

Cao

Hoffmann

et al. 2020

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim A growing number of studies suggest that adaptation of invasive species plays key roles in their successful establishment in novel environments. However, adaptation of invasive species to climatic conditions remains poorly characterized. This study aimed to understand the population genetic structure produced by the cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis invasion and to identify preliminary signals of selection during its range expansion. Location China. Methods We examined genetic structure of 11 populations across China using SNPs, microsatellites and a segment of mitochondrial cox1 gene. ADMIXTURE, STRUCTURE and DAPC were used to infer population genetic structure; the dispersal routes were reconstructed by the DIYABC; SNPs potentially related to climate adaptation were identified by using four populations differentiation methods and three environmental association methods. Results Strong genetic differentiation was found among populations with FST values ranging from 0.097 to 0.640 based on SNPs. Populations located at the northern expansion edge exhibited the highest genetic differentiation and the lowest genetic diversity. Demographic analyses indicated that all populations were introduced from a single source population with small effective size and low recent gene flow. RDA analysis showed that climatic variables explained a higher proportion of genetic variance (43%) compared to population structure variables (15%). The top climatic variables associated with genetic differentiation were precipitation of the mean temperature of warmest quarter, mean temperature of driest quarter and isothermality. Genes related to climate candidate SNPs were mainly enriched to pathways of development, energy and xenobiotic metabolisms. Main conclusions We found that extremely rapid and strong population genetic differentiation among populations appears to have developed after introduction in the cotton mealybug. Our study points to rapid neutral evolution and suggests possible climatic adaptation despite low genetic diversity in this invasive species.

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