Castor oil-based ionic liquid microemulsions are promising alternatives for petroleum-based biolubricant basestocks. This study presents the phase behavior of castor oil-based ionic liquid microemulsions through phase manifestation, and the areas of the single-phase domain (S ME ) were calculated accordingly to further illustrate the phase-forming capacities of the designed microemulsions. The results indicated that the phase-forming capacities of castor oil-based ionic liquid microemulsions depended largely on the ionic liquid ions, surfactant types, and cosurfactant chain lengths. The S ME of different anion-based ionic liquid microemulsions showed the following sequences: [BMIM][Tf 2 N]-based > [BMIM][PF 6 ]-based > [BMIM][BF 4 ]-based. The longer carbon chain of ionic liquid cations in single surfactant-based systems and the larger percentage of ionic liquid-based surfactant in mixed surfactants-based systems both gave rise to the phase-forming capacities of castor oil-based ionic liquid microemulsions. Given the presence of ionic liquid−castor oil amphiphilic balance in the designed systems, the castor oil−surfactant micelles achieved maximum solubilization capacity for [BMIM][BF 4 ] when the ethoxylated groups' number of surfactant was about eight in single surfactant microemulsion.In addition, n-hexanol donated a higher phase-forming capacity than n-butanol, while n-octanol brought about a different phase behavior due to the spontaneous curvature effect and oil nature of long-chain alcohols (C ≥ 7) in the castor-oil based ionic liquid microemulsions. Thus, this study presented useful information for formulating optimum castor oil-based ionic liquid microemulsion biolubricants based on different ionic liquids, surfactants, and cosurfactants, which were not evaluated in previous research.