Vegetation history of the Loess Plateau of China during the last 100,000 years based on pollen data

Sun, Xiaomin; Song, Chunqiao; Wang, Fengyu; Sun, Min

doi:10.1016/1040-6182(96)00008-0

Cited by 116 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…1) in the southern part of the Loess Plateau between the Cishan and Dadiwan sites are crucial for understanding the early stage of the forager-cultivator transition. The early Holocene was a period of significant environmental change marked by dry climate conditions as inferred from sediment texture (26,28), magnetic susceptibility (26,28), pollen (27), phytoliths (28), and mollusk assemblages (29). These proxy records show an environmental transition from cold-dry (ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earliest domestication of common millet ( Panicum miliaceum ) in East Asia extended to 10,000 years ago

Lü

Zhang²,

Liu³

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

709

380

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The origin of millet from Neolithic China has generally been accepted, but it remains unknown whether common millet (Panicum miliaceum) or foxtail millet (Setaria italica) was the first species domesticated. Nor do we know the timing of their domestication and their routes of dispersal. Here, we report the discovery of husk phytoliths and biomolecular components identifiable solely as common millet from newly excavated storage pits at the Neolithic Cishan site, China, dated to between ca. 10,300 and ca. 8,700 calibrated years before present (cal yr BP). After ca. 8,700 cal yr BP, the grain crops began to contain a small quantity of foxtail millet. Our research reveals that the common millet was the earliest dry farming crop in East Asia, which is probably attributed to its excellent resistance to drought.Holocene ͉ origins of agriculture ͉ phytoliths ͉ Neolithic ͉ Cishan F oxtail millet (Setaria italica) and common millet (or broomcorn millet; Panicum miliaceum) were among the world's most important and ancient domesticated crops. They were staple foods in the semiarid regions of East

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earliest domestication of common millet ( Panicum miliaceum ) in East Asia extended to 10,000 years ago

Lü

Zhang²,

Liu³

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

709

380

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show abstract

“…Empirical proxies, including pollen and phytolith assemblages, permafrost extents, and lipid distributions, have suggested that temperature changes from the LGM to the present in central China yield variable results ranging from as little as 4°C to as much as 13°C (25,(27)(28)(29)(30), and often have an uncertain seasonal bias. The importance of the clumped isotope data we present is that it provides a direct thermodynamically based estimate that can be relatively confidently assigned to a change in summertime temperatures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High regional climate sensitivity over continental China constrained by glacial-recent changes in temperature and the hydrological cycle

Eagle

Risi

Mitchell

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The East Asian monsoon is one of Earth's most significant climatic phenomena, and numerous paleoclimate archives have revealed that it exhibits variations on orbital and suborbital time scales. Quantitative constraints on the climate changes associated with these past variations are limited, yet are needed to constrain sensitivity of the region to changes in greenhouse gas levels. Here, we show central China is a region that experienced a much larger temperature change since the Last Glacial Maximum than typically simulated by climate models. We applied clumped isotope thermometry to carbonates from the central Chinese Loess Plateau to reconstruct temperature and water isotope shifts from the Last Glacial Maximum to present. We find a summertime temperature change of 6-7°C that is reproduced by climate model simulations presented here. Proxy data reveal evidence for a shift to lighter isotopic composition of meteoric waters in glacial times, which is also captured by our model. Analysis of model outputs suggests that glacial cooling over continental China is significantly amplified by the influence of stationary waves, which, in turn, are enhanced by continental ice sheets. These results not only support high regional climate sensitivity in Central China but highlight the fundamental role of planetary-scale atmospheric dynamics in the sensitivity of regional climates to continental glaciation, changing greenhouse gas levels, and insolation.A wide range of archives, including speleothem, marine, lake, Himalayan glacier ice core, and loess sediment records, have shown that monsoons exhibit significant variations on orbital and suborbital time scales (e.g., refs. 1-11

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“…In the 269 235 cm segment, the layer that had highest percentage of Picea corresponded to the Ashi River stadial of the mid Guxiangtun Formation in the northern suburb of Harbin (Wang 1987;Sun et al 1985), which also corresponded to the high percentage of Picea profile in the Mohe River estuary in the Russian Lake Xingkai during the same period (Korotkii et al 2007). There was a cold period approximately 28,000 cal a BP, and the Shaanxi Weihe Nanyang Guozhen cross section was also affected by the East Asian summer monsoon and consisted mainly of xerophytic Artemisia, and coniferous forest of mainly Picea, Abies and Larix (Korotkii et al 2007;Sun et al 1996;Liu et al 2008) were widely distributed in Northeast China and North China. At 235 214 cm, approximately 25,540 23,650 cal a BP: The pollen concentration of the XK-2 assemblage zone was the highest of the entire cross section.…”

Section: Evolution Of the Climatic Environment And Vegetation As Refmentioning

confidence: 98%

Paleovegetation and Paleoclimate Evolution of Past 27.7 cal ka BP Recorded by Pollen and Charcoal of Lake Xingkai, Northeastern China

Shen

et al. 2015

Earth Surface Processes and Environmental Changes in East Asia

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Lake Xingkai, a transboundary lake by China and Russia, is the largest freshwater lake in Northeast Asia. An 269 cm long continuous sediment core from Lake Xingkai, has been analyzed firstly in China for pollen and charcoal, in order to study the paleovegetation and paleoclimate evolution in the area. Vegetation and climate change history of Lake Xingkai have been reconstructed since the 27.7 cal ka BP. During 27.7 25.5 cal ka BP, the study region was occupied by forest steppe dominated by Poaceae, Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae and Picea that reflected a cold and slightly dry climate. Later, between 25.5 23.7 cal ka BP, the study region was occupied by coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest steppe which reflected a relatively cold-wet climate. During 23.7 19.9 cal ka BP, which corresponded to LGM (Last Glacial Maximum), the study region developed broad-leaved forest steppe indicated cold and dry climate condition. From 19.9 to 14.5 cal ka BP, there was broad-leaved forest steppe with Betula and Artemisia as the main component when Pediastrum and Ferns increased greatly, which suggested a cold-wet climatic trend. During 14.5 10.8 cal ka BP, the study region was occupied by sparse forest grassland with Picea, Betula, Artemisia and Poaceae as the main components. This stage that corresponds to Bølling/Older Dryas/Allerød/Younger Dryas, was a climatic transition period from warm-wet to cold-dry. From 10.8 to 1.0 cal ka BP, the study region was occupied by broad-leaved forest steppe, which indicated climate changed from temperate and moist to warm and slightly dry in Holocene. After 1.0 cal ka BP, coniferous forest developed with Pinus as the main component, indicated climate changed to cool and dry again and human slash activity influence.

show abstract

Vegetation history of the Loess Plateau of China during the last 100,000 years based on pollen data

Cited by 116 publications

References 2 publications

Earliest domestication of common millet ( Panicum miliaceum ) in East Asia extended to 10,000 years ago

Earliest domestication of common millet ( Panicum miliaceum ) in East Asia extended to 10,000 years ago

High regional climate sensitivity over continental China constrained by glacial-recent changes in temperature and the hydrological cycle

Paleovegetation and Paleoclimate Evolution of Past 27.7 cal ka BP Recorded by Pollen and Charcoal of Lake Xingkai, Northeastern China

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