Vegetative and emotional reactions during electrical stimulation of deep structures of the brain during stereotactic procedures

Personal Observations on the Development of Stereotaxy

“…In our stereotactic laboratory, we followed the indications which had been proposed by Spiegel and Wycis [1950], Orchinik et al [1950], Spiegel et al [1964], Riechert [1957], by Hassler and by Narabayashi for the treatment of intractable pain, parkin sonism, extrapyramidal hyperkinesias, compulsion disorders, erethism and pituitary disorders. The results were partially published by Schaltenbrand [1966] and Schaltenbrand et al [1965Schaltenbrand et al [ , 1970Schaltenbrand et al [ , 1971Schaltenbrand et al [ , 1973Schaltenbrand et al [ , 1974 and by Kleinfelder et al [1964] and N adjmi and Borner [1968].…”

A review of the new minimally invasive brain stimulation techniques in psychiatry

“…76 Weeping, anxiety and depression were reported to be elicited during neurosurgery in unanesthetized PD patients with 32 Hz stimulation for several seconds of ventral anterior, ventrooralis anterior and other thalamic nuclei as well as from pallidum, septum and hypothalamus. 77 Different emotional reactions have occurred while stimulating the nucleus ventrolateralis with a floating electrode. 78 Summarizing the effects of diagnostic and therapeutic DBS via long term implanted electrodes in a large sample of PD patients, Smirnov 79 indicated that positive emotional states occurred after stimulation of the centrum medianum area of the thalamus.…”