Velocity Loss as a Variable for Monitoring Resistance Exercise

González-Badillo, Juan José; Yáñez-García, Juan Manuel; Mora-Custodio, Ricardo; Rodríguez-Rosell, David

doi:10.1055/s-0042-120324

Cited by 147 publications

(234 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This demonstrates varying rates of barbell velocity loss during exercise (e.g. a rapid loss in velocity versus a gradual decline) and supports previous research that has demonstrated athletes may need to perform a varying number of repetitions prior to achieving a given percentage of velocity loss 25 . This could be explained by training history and/or differing levels of muscular endurance 4 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

The Effects of 10%, 20%, and 30% Velocity Loss Thresholds on Kinetic, Kinematic, and Repetition Characteristics During the Barbell Back Squat

Weakley¹,

Ramírez-López²,

McLaren³

et al. 2020

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

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Purpose: Prescribing resistance training using velocity loss thresholds can enhance exercise quality by mitigating neuromuscular fatigue. As little is known regarding performance during these protocols, we aimed to assess the effects of 10%, 20%, and 30% velocity loss thresholds on kinetic, kinematic, and repetition characteristics in the free-weight back squat. Methods: Using a randomized crossover design, 16 resistance-trained men were recruited to complete 5 sets of the barbell back squat. Lifting load corresponded to a mean concentric velocity (MV) of ∼0.70 m·s−1 (115 [22] kg). Repetitions were performed until a 10%, 20%, or 30% MV loss was attained. Results: Set MV and power output were substantially higher in the 10% protocol (0.66 m·s−1 and 1341 W, respectively), followed by the 20% (0.62 m·s−1 and 1246 W) and 30% protocols (0.59 m·s−1 and 1179 W). There were no substantial changes in MV (−0.01 to −0.02 m·s−1) or power output (−14 to −55 W) across the 5 sets for all protocols, and individual differences in these changes were typically trivial to small. Mean set repetitions were substantially higher in the 30% protocol (7.8), followed by the 20% (6.4) and 10% protocols (4.2). There were small to moderate reductions in repetitions across the 5 sets during all protocols (−39%, −31%, −19%, respectively), and individual differences in these changes were small to very large. Conclusions: Velocity training prescription maintains kinetic and kinematic output across multiple sets of the back squat, with repetition ranges being highly variable. Our findings, therefore, challenge traditional resistance training paradigms (repetition based) and add support to a velocity-based approach.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

The Effects of 10%, 20%, and 30% Velocity Loss Thresholds on Kinetic, Kinematic, and Repetition Characteristics During the Barbell Back Squat

Weakley¹,

Ramírez-López²,

McLaren³

et al. 2020

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

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“…It has been widely argued in the scientist literature that training to muscular failure (i.e., performing the maximum number of repetitions possible with a given relative load) is unnecessary and probably detrimental to maximizing athletic performance [3,4]. Velocity loss (VL) has been recently proposed as a precise and non-invasive variable to monitor the actual degree or level of effort incurred during resistance training [5], a very high relationship having been found between the relative velocity loss in a training set and the percentage of performed repetitions with respect to the maximum possible number that can be completed in the bench press and pull-up exercises [6,7]. For this reason, training methods that reduce the amount of induced fatigue and allow maintenance of maximum velocity in every repetition during resistance training have been shown to optimize strength and performance gains [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cluster Set Protocol in the Half Squat Exercise Reduces Mechanical Fatigue and Lactate Concentrations in Comparison with a Traditional Set Configuration

Varela-Olalla

Romero-Caballero

Campo-Vecino

et al. 2020

Sports

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Splitting sets into clusters has been shown to maintain performance during resistance training. This study compared the acute fatigue produced by a traditional (TSC) versus a cluster (CSC) set configuration in the smith machine half squat exercise. Fifteen males performed a single bout of TSC and CSC separated by 72–96 h. In the TSC, participants performed as many repetitions as possible until reaching a 20% drop in barbell velocity (MPV), while in the CSC, they performed the same number of repetitions with 15 seconds inter-repetition rest. Effects of both protocols in MPV, countermovement jump height (CMJ), and blood lactate (BLa) were measured. Significant differences between protocols were found for MPV of the last repetition (0.4 vs 0.5 m/s TSC and CSC) and BLa (6.8 mmol/L vs 3.2 mmol/L TSC and CSC). Significant drop of velocity from the first to the last repetition of the set (19.9%), decrease in CMJ height (35.4 vs 32.6 cm), and increase in BLa (2.1 vs 6.8 mmol/L) pre–post-exercise was observed just for the TSC protocol. The results of the present study showed that CSC reduces the lactate response and mechanical fatigue produced by a single set on the half squat exercise in comparison with TSC.

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“…The submaximal load of 10 RM (repetition maximum) estimated percentage 80% of 1RM [24] will be individually calculated based on momentary muscle failure (inability to perform 10 concentric contractions without significant posture change and repetition velocity during changes against a 8 certain resistance) [25]. To calculate the submaximal load of 10 RM, weight will be added until momentary muscle failure of the individual is achieved during calf raise exercises.…”

Section: Resistance Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supervised exercise protocol for lower limbs in subjects with chronic venous disease: an evaluator-blinded randomized clinical trial

Volpe

Resqueti

Silva

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background : Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) causes pathophysiological changes in lower limb muscles, particularly calf muscles, and limits ankle range of motion (ROM). These changes reduce functional activities and decrease quality of life (QOL). Although several studies have shown benefits of exercise (strengthening the calf muscles to improve calf muscle pumping and QOL) in patients with CVI, few studies are randomized controlled trials. This has led to a weak indication of exercise for the treatment of patients with CVI. The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of a supervised exercise program to improve calf muscle endurance as well as QOL in patients with CVI. Methods: This is an evaluator-blind, randomized clinical trial with an 8-week duration and a follow-up evaluation at week 16. A pilot study with subjects with CVI diagnosis will be performed to calculate sample size. The participants will be randomly allocated (1:1) into a treatment or control group (usual care/no intervention). The treatment intervention consists of a bi-weekly supervised exercise program of the lower limbs that will include aerobic training, strengthening, and cardiovascular exercises. The participants from both groups will participate in a health education lecture. Primary outcomes are changes in calf muscle endurance and QOL score. Secondary outcomes are changes in exercise capacity, ankle ROM, electrical muscle activity and cardiac output. First statistical comparison will be performed after 8 weeks intervention. Discussion : Patients with CVI may have an impaired calf muscle pump and decreased exercise capacity. A randomized controlled trial evaluating a supervised exercise program will provide much needed information on the management of CVI to promote health and independence.

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Velocity Loss as a Variable for Monitoring Resistance Exercise

Cited by 147 publications

References 31 publications

The Effects of 10%, 20%, and 30% Velocity Loss Thresholds on Kinetic, Kinematic, and Repetition Characteristics During the Barbell Back Squat

The Effects of 10%, 20%, and 30% Velocity Loss Thresholds on Kinetic, Kinematic, and Repetition Characteristics During the Barbell Back Squat

A Cluster Set Protocol in the Half Squat Exercise Reduces Mechanical Fatigue and Lactate Concentrations in Comparison with a Traditional Set Configuration

Supervised exercise protocol for lower limbs in subjects with chronic venous disease: an evaluator-blinded randomized clinical trial

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