Velocity profiling inside a ram extruder using magnetic resonance (MR) techniques

Shaping ceramics by plastic processing

“…Visualisation experiments [61][62][63] confirmed that this assumption is a good description when pastes suitable for shape forming pass along a capillary. He recognised the link to soil mechanics in describing pastes using engineering plastic models and published 'Paste Flow and Extrusion' 58 with Bridgwater, which introduced a systematic framework for understanding paste structure and enabled design of paste processes.…”

“…Some degree of phase separation is essential for paste flow as wall slip is often caused by the presence of a liquid-rich layer of material at the wall which deforms preferentially to the bulk material (sometimes called apparent slip: the layer is thin as evidenced by imaging 62,63 ).…”

The extrusion of a model yield stress fluid imaged by MRI velocimetry

“…This technique shows much promise and has already been employed for studying the extrusion of biscuit dough and soap through a single and double orifice [14], the water migration that occurs during the extrusion of fluorinated paste through single and multi-holed dies [15] and the velocity within screw extruders [16]. The great advantage of MRI lies in its ability to directly measure the velocity fields within nontransparent materials in a non-invasive manner.…”

Cardinal series to sort out defective samples in magnetic resonance data sets

“…Certain experiments require that auxiliary electric devices should be placed near or inside the magnet of the NMR spectrometer, which may bring about severe extra distortions of measured NMR signals [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. In rheological and fluid mechanics studies by NMR in particular, electric motors and various monitoring units are put underneath the magnet of the NMR tomographer.…”