Velocity thresholds in human infants: Implications for the perception of motion.

Aslin, Richard Ν.; Shea, Sandra L.

doi:10.1037/0012-1649.26.4.589

Cited by 74 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In the case of an autonomous change (excluding cyclic movements such as those associated with a bouncing ball), Premack suggests that infants perceive intentionality and show preference toward these objects. While adults can identify the nature of a self-propelled object and associate intentionality to it, for infants what matters is not the object but the type of movements it generates (Sekuler 1975) and its velocity (Aslin and Shea 1990;Dannemiller and Freeland 1989). A child is also able to attribute self-propelled capabilities once having seen the robot intentionally moving, and this association will continue even when the robot has stopped (Premack 1990).…”

Section: Mobile Robots and Autismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the use of a mobile robot as an imitation agent with children with low-functioning autism

2007

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Unpredictability and complexity of social interactions are important challenges for a low functioning autistic child. The objective of this research is to study how a mobile robot can, by appearing more predictable, appealing and simple than a human being, facilitate reciprocal interaction such as imitative play. By conducting an exploratory study involving four children, we found that forms of shared conventions such as imitation of body movements and of familiar actions are higher with two children paired with a human mediator, compared to two children paired with a robot mediator. However, the two children paired with the robot mediator demonstrated increased shared attention (visual contact, physical proximity) and imitate facial expressions (smile) more than the children paired with the human mediator.

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Section: Mobile Robots and Autismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the use of a mobile robot as an imitation agent with children with low-functioning autism

2007

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“…Consistent with our findings, Banton and Bertenthal (1996) found better performance for faster speeds with a uniform motion display and no change in overall sensitivity over an age range comparable to that studied by Wattam-Bell. Also, several other studies have reported substantial improvements in sensitivity to slow speeds over the range 2-6 months (Aslin & Shea, 1990;Finlay et al, 1991, Roessler & Dannemiller, 1997.…”

Section: Determinants Of Sensitivity To Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of sensitivity to visual motion in macaque monkeys

Kiorpes

Movshon

2004

Vis Neurosci

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The development of spatial vision is relatively well documented in human and nonhuman primates. However, little is known about the development of sensitivity to motion. We measured the development of sensitivity to direction of motion, and the relationship between motion and contrast sensitivity in macaque monkeys as a function of age. Monkeys (Macaca nemestrina, aged between 10 days and 3 years) discriminated direction of motion in random-dot kinematograms. The youngest monkeys showed directionally selective orienting and the ability to integrate motion signals at large dot displacements and fast speeds. With age, coherence sensitivity improved for all spatial and temporal dot displacements tested. The temporal interval between the dots was far less important than the spatial offset in determining the animals' performance at all but the youngest ages. Motion sensitivity improved well beyond the end of the first postnatal year, when mid-spatial-frequency contrast sensitivity reached asymptote, and continued for at least 3 years. Sensitivity to contrast at high spatial frequencies also continued to develop beyond the end of the first year. We conclude that the development of motion sensitivity depends on mechanisms beyond the low-level filters presumed to limit acuity and contrast sensitivity, and most likely reflects the function of extrastriate visual areas.

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“…Behavioral estimates of the lower velocity limit eliciting motion responses in infants cover a broad range (from 1.2 deg/sec to 22.3 deg/sec), depending on the age range tested -6-8 weeks: 3 deg/sec (Banton & Bertenthal, 1996;Kaufmann, Stucki, & Kaufmann-Hayoz, 1985) to 9 deg/sec (Aslin & Shea, 1990); 12-14 weeks: 2-3 deg/sec (Bertenthal & Bradbury, 1992;Dannemiller & Freedland, 1993) to 22.3 deg/sec (Dobkins & Teller, 1996); 20 weeks: 1.2 deg/sec (Bertenthal & Bradbury, 1992) to 2 deg/sec (Dannemiller & Freedland, 1989).…”

Section: Velocity Limits For Motion Processing In Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Jitter Spatial Frequency Sweep VEP: A new paradigm to study spatiotemporal development of pattern- and motion-processing mechanisms in human infants.

Hamer¹,

Norcia²

2009

Psychology & Neuroscience

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We introduce a new VEP paradigm -the Jitter Spatial Frequency (JSF) Sweep VEP -that permits efficient mapping of the spatiotemporal tuning of the developmental motion asymmetry (DMA). Vertical sinewave gratings undergoing 90 o horizontal oscillatory displacements (6 or 10 Hz) were presented while their SF was swept over 2 to 5 octaves during each VEP trial. JSF sweep VEPs were recorded from 28 infants (8-43 weeks), and symmetric (second-harmonic, F2) and asymmetric (F1) components of the VEP were measured. JSF sweeps can provide four useful estimates: (1,2) the high-SF cutoff of F1 and F2 responses estimates the spatial resolution of direction-selective (DS) and non-DS mechanisms, respectively; (3) the low-SF cutoff for F1 estimate the SF-boundary between mature (F1 absent) and immature (F1 present) DS mechanisms; and (4) the F1 high-SF cutoff estimates the lower velocity limit of cortical DS cells. For 6 Hz, the low-SF F1 cutoffs increased two times faster than traditional (contrast-reversal) VEP grating acuity (0.5 vs ~0.25 octaves/month), and twice that of the high-SF F1 and F2 cutoffs. This implies that no single mechanism can account for the DMA at both low and high SFs. At 10 Hz, the DMA exhibited no significant development, consistent with slower maturation of DS mechanisms at higher ST frequencies. The F2 high-SF cutoffs were higher than F1 at both 6 and 10 Hz, suggesting higher spatial resolution for non-DS (pattern) vs DS (motion) mechanisms. Finally, the lower velocity limit of the DS mechanisms decreased from ~2 deg/sec at 8 weeks, to 0.75 deg/sec at 33 weeks, similar to analogous limits for direction-of-motion identification in adults (~0.5 -1 deg/sec), and close to prior VEP estimates in infants (0.6 deg/sec).

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Velocity thresholds in human infants: Implications for the perception of motion.

Cited by 74 publications

References 43 publications

Exploring the use of a mobile robot as an imitation agent with children with low-functioning autism

Exploring the use of a mobile robot as an imitation agent with children with low-functioning autism

Development of sensitivity to visual motion in macaque monkeys

The Jitter Spatial Frequency Sweep VEP: A new paradigm to study spatiotemporal development of pattern- and motion-processing mechanisms in human infants.

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