Venomics: A Mini-Review

Wilson, David T.; Daly, Norelle L.

doi:10.3390/ht7030019

Cited by 46 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Bands at 15,25,35,50, and 55 kDa were the most abundant in T. macrops venom. Whereas, bands at 15,16,20,22,32,55, and 66 kDa were the most intense in T. hageni venom. Each gel lane was excised into 10 pieces.…”

Section: Proteomics Analysis Of T Macrops and T Hageni Venommentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The protein patterns differed between T. macrops and T. hageni venoms, which was indicative of the non-identical protein composition of the two venoms. T. macrops and T. hageni venoms also demonstrated different protein patterns from T. borneensis, T. gramineus, T. puniceus, T. purpureomaculatus, T. stejnegeri, and Protobothrops flavoviridis [22]. All proteins of both venoms were classified according to their gene ontologies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Venomics and Cellular Toxicity of Thai Pit Vipers (Trimeresurus macrops and T. hageni)

Kumkate

Chanhome

Thiangtrongjit

et al. 2020

Toxins

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The two venomous pit vipers, Trimeresurus macrops and T. hageni, are distributed throughout Thailand, although their abundance varies among different areas. No species-specific antivenom is available for their bite victims, and the only recorded treatment method is a horse antivenom raised against T. albolabris crude venom. To facilitate assessment of the cross-reactivity of heterologous antivenoms, protein profiles of T. macrops and T. hageni venoms were explored using mass-spectrometry-based proteomics. The results show that 185 and 216 proteins were identified from T. macrops and T. hageni venoms, respectively. Two major protein components in T. macrops and T. hageni venoms were snake venom serine protease and metalloproteinase. The toxicity of the venoms on human monocytes and skin fibroblasts was analyzed, and both showed a greater cytotoxic effect on fibroblasts than monocytic cells, with toxicity occurring in a dose-dependent rather than a time-dependent manner. Exploring the protein composition of snake venom leads to a better understanding of the envenoming of prey. Moreover, knowledge of pit viper venomics facilitates the selection of the optimum heterologous antivenoms for treating bite victims.

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Section: Proteomics Analysis Of T Macrops and T Hageni Venommentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Venomics and Cellular Toxicity of Thai Pit Vipers (Trimeresurus macrops and T. hageni)

Kumkate

Chanhome

Thiangtrongjit

et al. 2020

Toxins

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“…More recently, the advent of highthroughput technologies greatly contributed to this research area through a "multi-omic" approach often denoted as venomics, which is the integration of genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Such an integrated approach provides a remarkable amount of molecular information and paves the way for the identification and exploitation of new biomolecules potentially useful for therapeutic and agricultural applications [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Venomics of the ectoparasitoid wasp Bracon nigricans

Becchimanzi¹,

Avolio²,

Bostan³

et al. 2020

BMC Genomics

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Background: Venom is one of the most important sources of regulation factors used by parasitic Hymenoptera to redirect host physiology in favour of the developing offspring. This has stimulated a number of studies, both at functional and "omics" level, which, however, are still quite limited for ectophagous parasitoids that permanently paralyze and suppress their victims (i.e., idiobiont parasitoids). Results: Here we present a combined transcriptomic and proteomic study of the venom of the generalist idiobiont wasp Bracon nigricans, an ectophagous larval parasitoid of different lepidopteran species, for which we recently described the host regulation strategy and the functional role of the venom in the induction of physiological changes in parasitized hosts. The experimental approach used led to the identification of the main components of B. nigricans venom involved in host regulation. Enzymes degrading lipids, proteins and carbohydrates are likely involved in the mobilization of storage nutrients from the fat body and may concurrently be responsible for the release of neurotoxic fatty acids inducing paralysis, and for the modulation of host immune responses. Conclusion:The present work contributes to fill the gap of knowledge on venom composition in ectoparasitoid wasps, and, along with our previous physiological study on this species, provides the foundation on which to develop a functional model of host regulation, based both on physiological and molecular data. This paves the way towards a better understanding of parasitism evolution in the basal lineages of Hymenoptera and to the possible exploitation of venom as source of bioinsecticidal molecules.

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“…As manufacturing venoms is metabolically expensive, most animal produce small amounts. An approach called ‘venomics’ – which integrates proteomics, genomics and transcriptomics (study of RNA derived from genes) – allows comprehensive analyses of venoms and should help identify potential leads for new drugs, despite the limited quantities of venom 15 …”

Section: Generic Name Species Examples Of Indicationmentioning

confidence: 99%