Ventilation in Plant Tissue Cultures and Effects of Poor Aeration on Ethylene and Carbon Dioxide Accumulation, Oxygen Depletion and Explant Development

Jackson, Michael B.; Abbott, A. J.; Belcher, A. R.; Hall, K. C.; Butler, Ruth; Cameron, J. Scott

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a088127

Cited by 101 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…However, grafting is time consuming, requires special skills and the success rates vary significantly. Roots induced from cut ends of shoots of chickpea were shorter in length in semisolid medium as compared to liquid medium, similar to the earlier reports (Jackson et al, 1991;Cournac et al, 1991;Ebrahim and Ibrahim, 2000;Hazarika, 2006). The retardation in root length in the semisolid medium may be attributed to the relatively lower aeration in agar-gelled medium as indicated by earlier researchers (Hazarika, 2006;Pati et al, 2006;Rout et al, 2006).…”

Section: Development Of Strong Root Systemsupporting

confidence: 86%

An optimal protocol for in vitro regeneration, efficient rooting and stable transplantation of chickpea

Anwar

Sharmila

Saradhi

2008

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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A rapid, reproducible and efficient regeneration method was developed for chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) using single cotyledon with half embryonal axis as explants. MS medium supplemented with 4 ìM TDZ, 10 ìM 2-iP and 2 ìM kinetin induced 50-100 adventitious buds/shoots after 14 days of culture and elongated on MS medium supplemented with 5 ìM 2-iP and 2 ìM kinetin. Healthy, strong and 100 % rooting was achieved by exposing cut ends of the shoots to 10 sec pulse treatment with 100 ìmoles/ml IBA followed by their transfer to liquid MS basal medium within 10-14 d. 2-3 cm long shoots were most suitable for rooting. Potting-mixture with good aeration and lesser capacity to retain water was most suitable for achieving successful establishment of chickpea plantlets. Garden soil mixed with sand (gravel) and bio-manure in the ratio of 1:1:1 is most suitable for achieving cent percent transplantation success. Cent percent of plantlets got acclimatized, survived in the pots and showed normal growth, development, flowering followed by podding and seeds setting. Harvesting of seeds was done after the pods were fully matured and dry. In this communication, we have demonstrated for the first time that shoot length, pulse treatment of cut ends of shoots with 100 ìmoles/ml IBA and aeration of potting mixture are key factors for rapid micro-propagation and successful establishment of chickpea.

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Section: Development Of Strong Root Systemsupporting

confidence: 86%

An optimal protocol for in vitro regeneration, efficient rooting and stable transplantation of chickpea

Anwar

Sharmila

Saradhi

2008

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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“…Obvious ways to achieve leakage include loosening the closure or inserting a gas-permeable membrane (e.g., polypropylene). Cultures of Ficus elastica in 305 ml plastic Magenta boxes were found to benefit from leakage rates that gave a half time of gas replacement of about 8 h. The benefit was attributed to a decrease in accumulated ethylene, resulting in enhanced leaf expansion (Jackson et al, 1991).…”

Section: Diffusion Coefficient Of the Diffusion Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

Aeration stress in plant tissue cultures

Jackson

Liquid Culture Systems for in Vitro Plant Propagation

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Summary.The requirement for sterility in plant tissue cultures avoidance of dehydration can impose sealing requirements that severely limit the rate of gas exchange in and out of the culture vessel. Conditions within the culture vessel such as the depth of any water cover, the presence of gelling agents, the bulk and porosity of the tissue and the temperature also strongly influence in vitro rates of gas exchange, primarily driven by diffusion. This article uses elements of Fick's Law of Diffusion to identify key factors limiting gas exchange between culture and its immediate surroundings. In particular, it identifies static liquid media, gelling agents, large tissue mass and warm temperatures as imposing severe limits on diffusive flux for gases such as O 2 , CO 2 and ethylene. The principle barrier to diffusive exchange of gases between the in vitro and ex vitro atmospheres is the wall of the enclosing vessel. This is invariably made of glass or plastic that is gas-impermeable and well-sealed against evaporative drying or entry of micro-organisms. Cultures enclosed in this way will, inevitably, asphyxiate unless a compensating pathway for diffusive gas exchange is contrived or replaced by some system of convective flow that carries gases to and from the tissue. Supplementing diffusive aeration with convective flow is the basis of most successful hydroponics systems for whole plants and may be a prerequisite for securing levels of aeration suitable for autotrophic cultures. The paramount consideration is the extent to which the total rate of consumption or production of a particular gas by the cultured tissues is matched by the maximum rates of gas transport imposed by the culture itself, its immediate surroundings and the ventilation and sealing system of the culture enclosure.

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“…lllis is now believed to have resulted from excessive usc of cytokinins in the tissue culture medium (34). Accumulation of tlle gaseous honnonc, etllylene, as a result of inadequate ventilation of cultures, has also be shown to result in growtll abnonnalitics ( 17). It is important to point out t11at this cause of cultureinduced variation can occur in all tissue culture systems, including meristcm-tip culture, and therefore explains why variations may arise in culture systems wllich are devoid of any disorganised growth.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Epigenetic Variation In Regenerated Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%