Ventilatory threshold and &amp;OV0312;O2max changes in children following endurance training

Mahon, Anthony D.; Vaccaro, Paul

doi:10.1249/00005768-198908000-00014

Cited by 56 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Some of these studies (Bar-Or and Zwiren 1973;Schmuecker and Hollmann 1973;Kobayashi et al 1978;Yoshida et al 1980;Mirwald et al 1981) did not reveal any traininginduced improvement before the onset of puberty, although others (Brown et al 1972;Weber et al 1976;Lussier and Buskirk 1977;Vaccaro and Clarke 1978;Gerhardus 1980;Petratis et al 1983;Rotstein et al 1986;Mahon and Vaccaro 1994) revealed absolutely the opposite. Similarly, Ekblom (1969), Eriksson (1972), Massicotte and MacNab (1974), Kobayashi et al (1978), Mirwald et al (1981) and Mahon and Vaccaro (1989) observed a positive effect of training during pu-great increase in V _ O 2max observed during pubertal growth, which follows the stage of peak height velocity (Kobayashi et al 1978;Kemper and Verschuur 1981;Mirwald et al 1981;Krahenbuhl et al 1985;Paterson et al 1986), which is complicated by the deviation between the subjects' chronological and biological age. If groups of the same biological maturation are not compared it is not easy to isolate the training effect from the differentiation caused by growth, especially during the stage of peak growth velocity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The effect of training in male prepubertal and pubertal monozygotic twins

2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nine male pairs of monozygotic twins aged 11-14 years, height 147 (7.6) cm and body mass 39.7 (9.6) kg, participated in this study. Twin zygocity was tested using morphological, dermatoglyphic and hematologic methods, and Tanner's five stages were used for the evaluation of biological maturation. One twin from each pair undertook training for 6 months, three times a week, with running at 85-120% of the lactate anaerobic threshold (LT). Anthropometrics, determination of maximum O(2) uptake (.VO(2max)), LT and maximal blood lactate concentration ([La](max)) was carried out before, during and after training. No significant difference existed between the trained twins and their untrained brothers before training. After training, the trained twins increased their .VO(2max), (per kg body mass) by 10.6% and their LT by 18.2% (P<0.01), reaching values that differed significantly from those of their untrained brothers [57.5 (3.6) ml.kg(-1).min(-1) vs 55.4 (3.3) ml.kg(-1).min(-1) and 13.4 (1.1) km.h(-1) vs 12.7 (1.1) km.h(-1), respectively]. In addition, in the trained twins relative body fat was reduced (P<0.05) from 17.8 to 16.2% and their somatotype altered significantly (decrease of endomorphy and mesomorphy and increase of ectomorphy), while in the untrained twins there was no change in these parameters. Both groups of twins significantly increased their absolute .VO(2max) after the 6 months of training, the trained by 14,9% [from 2.08 (0.43) to 2.37 (0.45) l.min(-1)] and the untrained by 10.5% [from 2.10 (0.41) to 2.32 (0.47) l.min(-1)], but no difference was registered between them. A comparison of the intrapair changes in .VO(2max) of prepubertal and pubertal twins showed an influence of training in the prepubertal (19.3% vs 5.2%) but not in the pubertal twins (12.7% vs 13.1%). Using analysis of variance, the relative importance of training, heredity and their interaction was evaluated to be 20%, 70% and 10%, respectively, for the change in body fat, 35%, 45% and 20%, respectively, for the change in relative .VO(2max) and 25-30%, 50-60% and 15-20%, respectively, for the change in LT. In conclusion, training during pubertal growth can favour aerobic power (depending on body composition) as well as aerobic capacity, but it has no effect on absolute .VO(2max). Genetic control seems to have a strong effect on the extent of adaptations, and the genotype-training interaction explains a small, but prominent part of them.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…There are few studies of the influence of training during the prepubertal and pubertal stage (Gerhardus 1980;Becker and Vaccaro 1983;Rotstein et al 1986;Mahon and Vaccaro 1989), but a generally positive effect has been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of training in male prepubertal and pubertal monozygotic twins

2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Wolfe et al [25] found that VAT was useful in ranking the performance of female cross-country runners. However, studies of changes of VAT after physical training in nonathletic children produced mixed results and are nonconclusive [10,16].…”

Section: Ventilatory Anaerobic Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiorespiratory Testing: Anaerobic Threshold/Respiratory Threshold

Washington¹

1999

Pediatr Cardiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Complete exercise testing is more than simply running on a treadmill or riding on a cycle ergometer. These simple measures may be used to evaluate endurance, peak heart rate, blood pressure, and the presence or absence of dysrhythmias during exercise. With the use of rapid gas analyzers and microcomputers, information about ventilation, oxygen supply and use, and the metabolism at the muscle level may be obtained noninvasively. The concept of the ventilatory anaerobic threshold and the transition from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism during a graded exercise test are discussed. Tests that evaluate only anaerobic performance (i.e., the Wingate test) will not be discussed. Gas Exchange During ExerciseThe amount of oxygen required to perform a given amount of work exclusively aerobically is known and appears to be independent of the degree of fitness, age, or gender of the subject [8,22]. Thus, the failure of the circulation to deliver oxygen at the required rate to sustain exercise will slow the rate of aerobic regeneration of ATP by the muscle. The oxygen supply to the exercising muscles depends on the blood flow, hemoglobin concentration, the partial pressure of oxygen in the patient's arterial blood, and the iron content of the patient's blood. Failure of the circulation to deliver oxygen at the rate needed to sustain exercise will limit the rate of aerobic regeneration of ATP and the oxygen consumption by the muscles (VO 2 ).At very low exercise intensities, the concentration of the blood lactate is nearly identical to levels recorded at rest. At some particular level of exercise intensity, which varies among subjects, blood lactate concentration begins to increase. As the oxygen demand of the exercising muscle exceeds the oxygen supply, anaerobic metabolism is used to supply the energy required to continue work. Lactic acid is a by-product of this anaerobic metabolism. Once formed, lactic acid will be almost completely dissociated in the serum, and it is buffered predominantly by the bicarbonate system.

show abstract

“…Erol et al (1999) found significant development in terms of MaxVO2 in the test group compared to the control group as a result of 10-week regular exercise. In another study, significant differences were detected in MaxVO2 parameters as a result of the interval training, which was performed on 10-12-year-old children as 100-800 m and for 10 to 30 minutes with an intensity of 70-80% (Mahen & Voccaro 1999). The workouts performed can be said to have increased use of oxygen capacity in children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of Table Tennis Trainings on Certain Physical and Physiological Parameters in Children Aged 10-12

Taş¹,

Sinanoğlu²

2017

JETS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the research it was aimed to examine the effects of basic table tennis trainings, which were implemented on girls aged 10-12 for 16 weeks, on certain physical and physiological parameters.A total of 40 students, as randomly selected 20 test groups and 20 control groups at an age range of 10-12 participated in the research. These students were first applied pre-test measurement, and final test measurement was performed following application of basic table tennis trainings for 16 weeks.Statistical analysis of data was performed using SPSS 20.0 statistical package program. Mann Whitney U test was used in comparison of two variable groups, and the result being p<0.05 was considered significant when examined statistically.Statistical differences between measurements of body fat percentage, flexibility, vertical jumping, standing long jump, 30 m sprint, anaerobic strength, right and left hand grip strength, visual and audio reaction times, resting heart rate, and VC, FVC, FEV and FEV1 were found to be significant in favour of the test group (p<0.05). No statistically significant differences occurred between the two groups in height, body weight, body-mass index, maxVo2, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure values (p<0.05).Consequently, it was observed that the table tennis trainings, which were performed for 16 weeks, provided positive contributions to certain physical and physiological properties of girls aged 10-12, and improved them.Keywords: child, table tennis, training, physical and physiological parameters IntroductionIt is easier at early ages to create the habit of sport and ingratiate sport; thus, foundations are laid of a generation doing sport and hence, of a healthier society (Çetin, 2015). Today, international successes achieved in sport have become a very significant value for the daily life and moral level of nation. As the records in sport are renewed with the aid of the science and technology, which advance every day, the technical, technological, training, educational, and economic standards of the country represented by the competing athletes or teams have become competitive (Polat, 2009). Table tennis improves concentration, reaction speed and coordination, arm and body muscles, and respiratory and circulatory functions; it also contributes to development of hand-eye coordination, timing and balance functions (Ağgön & Ağırbaş, 2015). One of the effects of table tennis on humans is its effect on the body composition. Body composition in general is composed of proportional gathering of fat, bone, muscle cells, other organic substances and non-cellular fluids (Sanborn et al., 1994). It has been seen in various studies conducted that body composition develops positively with exercise activities (Çolakoğlu & Şenel, 2003).This study was conducted in order to examine the effect on certain physical and physiological parameters of table tennis trainings, which were applied 1 hour for 4 days a week for a period of 16 weeks on girls aged 10-12. Materials and Method40 (20 test, 20 control gro...

show abstract

Ventilatory threshold and &OV0312;O2max changes in children following endurance training

Cited by 56 publications

References 0 publications

The effect of training in male prepubertal and pubertal monozygotic twins

The effect of training in male prepubertal and pubertal monozygotic twins

Cardiorespiratory Testing: Anaerobic Threshold/Respiratory Threshold

Effect of Table Tennis Trainings on Certain Physical and Physiological Parameters in Children Aged 10-12

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About