Ventricular septal defect: visualization of shunt flow and determination of shunt size by cine MR imaging

Sechtem, U; Pflugfelder, P W; Cassidy, MC; Holt, William W.; Wolfe, Christopher L.; Higgins, C B

doi:10.2214/ajr.149.4.689

Cited by 59 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Evaluation of septal defect by cine MR shows the anatomical defect and the abnormal flow of blood through the defect (15). The shunt flow causes a signal void through the defect and extending for variable distances into the recipient chamber (Fig.…”

Section: Congential Heart Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Functional evaluation of the heart with magnetic resonance imaging

Higgins

Holt

Pflugfelder

et al. 1988

Magnetic Resonance in Med

104

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This review examines the capability of cine MRI for evaluation of cardiovascular function and shows early results in valvular, ischemic, and congenital heart disease. MR assessment of left and right ventricular volumes is independent of geometrical models; dimensional values have been defined for normal individuals. Noninvasive measurement of peak and end systolic pressure along with cine MR imaging can be used to calculate left ventricular meridional wall stress which can be used for monitoring of myocardial diseases and evaluation of therapeutic intervention. Cine MR may be more accurate than angiography for identifying regional LV dysfunction since it can measure wall thickening as well as inward wall motion. Regurgitant jets due to valvular lesions are readily seen and their characteristics may be used to define the severity of aortic or mitral regurgitation. Calculation of the regurgitant volume separates patients with mild, moderate, or severe disease. Likewise, the shunt flow across ventricular and atrial septal defects has been visualized in cine MR images and shunt flow calculated. Cine MRI serves as a three-dimensional imaging technique with high temporal resolution. It extends the capability of MRI in cardiac disease beyond the depiction of anatomy and renders a comprehensive cardiac imaging technique for quantitation of cardiac anatomy and function.

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Section: Congential Heart Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Functional evaluation of the heart with magnetic resonance imaging

Higgins

Holt

Pflugfelder

et al. 1988

Magnetic Resonance in Med

104

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show abstract

“…MRI is highly sensitive and specific for the quantification and detection of VSDs (Didier and Higgins 1986;Mirowitzet et al 1989) and detection and localization of jets is helpful (Sechtem et al 1987). Certain types of VSD that are difficult to evaluate by echo are well suited to imaging by MRI, including conal septal defects and apical muscular defects.…”

Section: Ventricular and Outflow Tract Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Cardiac MRI

Krishnamurthy

Chung²

2014

Pediatric Chest Imaging

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“…Other studies have used ventricular stroke volume data, measured from a stack of spin-echo or gradient-echo MR images to validate aortic and pulmonary volume flow measured from MR velocity maps [16,19,20] or to calculate shunt size [8][9][10]. A similar approach was used in the current study by comparing pulmonary and aortic volume flow measured by MR velocity mapping with tomographical measurements of fight and left ventricular stroke volume, respectively.…”

Section: Validation Of Mr Flow Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…from a multisection gradient-echo image set encompassing the heart, time-volume curves of both ventricles can be generated and the Qp : Qs ratio can be derived from the respective stroke volumes [8][9][10]. A disadvantage of the multisection approach is the need for time-consuming manual planimetry of ventricular endocardial contours on many contiguous tomographic images by expert reviewers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of pulmonary and systemic blood flow by magnetic resonance velocity mapping in the assessment of atrial-level shunts

et al. 1996

Int J Cardiac Imag

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The objective of this study was to asses the feasibility and accuracy of magnetic resonance (MR) velocity mapping to calculate pulmonary-to-systemic flow ratio (Qp:Qs) in patients with a suspected or diagnosed atrial-level shunt. During a one-year period, all patients referred to our department for further evaluation of an atrial-level shunt underwent the same imaging protocol. Multiphase-multisection gradient-echo MR image sets of the heart were acquired to measure left and right ventricular stroke volumes for validation. Ascending aorta and main pulmonary artery volume flow were measured with MR velocity mapping. Qp:Qs ratios were calculated from both stroke volume data and flow data. Twelve patients, including 6 children, were studied. Six patients had an established diagnosis of atrial septal defect, and the other 6 patients were suspected to have an atrial-level shunt. Measurements of left and right ventricular stroke corresponded closely with those of aortic (r = 0.98) and pulmonary flow (r = 0.99) respectively, and Qp:Qs flow ratios agreed with stroke volume ratios (r = 0.92). In 5 patients with a suspected shunt, the diagnosis could be rejected. Shunts were demonstrated in the other 7 patients. M(r) velocity mapping offers an accurate method to measure aortic and pulmonary artery volume flow that can be useful in the evaluation of atrial-level shunts, in order to establish a definite diagnosis and/or to quantify the Qp:Qs ratio.

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Ventricular septal defect: visualization of shunt flow and determination of shunt size by cine MR imaging

Cited by 59 publications

References 0 publications

Functional evaluation of the heart with magnetic resonance imaging

Functional evaluation of the heart with magnetic resonance imaging

Pediatric Cardiac MRI

Quantification of pulmonary and systemic blood flow by magnetic resonance velocity mapping in the assessment of atrial-level shunts

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