“…VCFs syndicate to mitigate the information asymmetry between VCFs and their portfolio companies (Brinster & Tykvová, 2021; Engel, 2004; Gompers & Lerner, 2001). As suggested in the theories of social network, inter-organization ties, channeling information from external environment (Koka & Prescott, 2008), mitigate the uncertainty faced by the VCFs (Lee, 2007) and improves their decision-making (Burt, 2000; Granovetter, 1985), which plays a greater role in emerging markets where institutional context is less mature (Aleenajitpong & Leemakdej, 2021). To be specific, the syndicate pools up effort in due diligence to diverse the potential portfolio (Cumming, 2006; Hege et al, 2009, p. 16; Markowitz, 1952; Wilson, 1968) and to optimize the screening and selection of portfolio (Cumming, 2006; Leleux, 2007; Lerner, 1995; Schwienbacher, 2008).…”