Verbesina encelioides: cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, and oxidative DNA damage in human liver cancer (HepG2) cell line

Al-Oqail, Mai M.; Siddiqui, Maqsood A.; Al-Sheddi, Ebtesam S.; Saquib, Quaiser; Musarrat, Javed; Al-Khedhairy, Abdulaziz A.; Farshori, Nida Nayyar

doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1106-0

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In our study, a dose‐dependent decrease in SOD and GSH activity was observed in treated cells (Figure A,B). These results indicated that the cytotoxicity of [C 12 min]Cl affected the antioxidant system of HepG2 cells, which is in accordance with previous studies on HepG2 cells, A549 cells, and BEAS‐2B cells . MDA is the metabolic product of the reaction between ROS and unsaturated fatty acids in the cellular membrane and the change of its cellular content indirectly reflects damage caused by excessive ROS to the cell membrane .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in HepG2 cells induced by the imidazole ionic liquid 1‐dodecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride

Wang

Wan

Huo

et al. 2020

Environmental Toxicology

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This study purposes to assess the cytotoxicity of 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C 12 min]Cl) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. To this end, HepG2 cells were exposed to a range concentration of [C 12 min]Cl and evaluated cell viability, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, cell cycle, and apoptosis-related gene expression to determine cytotoxicity. The outcomes showed that [C 12 min]Cl curbed HepG2 cell growth and reduced cell viability in a concentration-and time-dependent manner.Moreover, our assay results also revealed that exposure to [C 12 min]Cl prompted DNA damage and apoptosis, reduced SOD and GSH content, enhanced MDA level, and changed the cell cycle of HepG2 cells. In addition, [C 12 min] Cl caused alters in the expression levels of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2, indicating that p53 and Bcl-2 family may be involved in the cytotoxicity and apoptosis of HepG2 cells induced by [C 12 min]C1. In summary, these results indicate that [C 12 min]Cl exerts genotoxicity, physiological toxicity and prompts apoptosis in HepG2 cells, and is not an alleged green solvent. K E Y W O R D S apoptosis, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, ionic liquids, oxidative stress 1 | INTRODUCTION Ionic liquids (ILs) are low melting organic salts at room temperature and are considered a green substitute for industrial volatile organic compounds. 1-3 They are composed of various cations and anions, for example, imidazolium, pyridinium, bromide (Br − ), and chloride (Cl − ). 4 Last several years, ILs have drawn wide attention owing to their unique excellent physical and chemical properties, such as low vapor pressure and nonvolatility, 5,6 good thermal and chemical stability, 7,8and relatively high viscosity. 9 These ILs as environmentally friendly chemicals are famous mainly because their vapor pressure is negligible compared to many inorganic and organic materials. 5,10 Due to their unique properties, ILs are currently being used in a diverse range of applications, including ecology, 11,12 chemical engineering, 13 the medical field, 14 food industry, 15 textiles, 16 and electrochemistry. 17 However, many studies have shown that ILs may be released into aquatic environments via effluent discharges and accidental spills and cause damage to aquatic organisms. 18,19 For example, IL toxicity has been evaluated in microalgae, 20 fish, 21,22 and in Daphnia magna. 23 In addition, several previous studies also showed that ILs are cytotoxic to many classes of cells, such as the human HeLa cell line, 24 and PC12 cells. 25 In contrast, limited information is available on the toxic mechanism of ILs, which is important in risk evaluation.The human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line was derived from a hepatoblastoma at first and retains the structural and functional polarity that hepatocytes exhibit in vivo. 26 It plays a key role in the activation/detoxification of genotoxic procarcinogens and reflects the metabolism of such compounds in vivo better than experimental models with metabolically incompetent cells and exog...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in HepG2 cells induced by the imidazole ionic liquid 1‐dodecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride

Wang

Wan

Huo

et al. 2020

Environmental Toxicology

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“…Our results clearly showed that RA-ME significantly induced the LPO level in HeLa cells. Many studies have also shown that plant extracts exhibited oxidative stress-mediated cancer cell death by increasing the LPO and decreasing the GSH activities [ 50 , 51 ]. GSH plays a significant part in the defense of cells on oxidative stress [ 52 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress Mediated Cytotoxicity, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Apoptosis Induced by Rosa damascena in Human Cervical Cancer HeLa Cells

Al-Oqail

Farshori

Al-Sheddi

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Rosa damascena Mill (Damask rose), belonging to the Rosaceae family, is known for medicinal purposes in traditional medicine system. However, its anticancer activity has not been studied yet in detail. Herein, we aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effects of R. damascena hexane (RA-HE) and methanolic (RA-ME) extracts against human breast (MCF-7), lung epithelial (A-549), and cervical (HeLa) cancer cells. The RA-HE and RA-ME showed more potent cytotoxic effects against HeLa cells with an I C 50 of 819.6 and 198.4 μg/ml, respectively. Further, cytotoxic concentrations of most effective extract (RA-ME) were used to evaluate the mechanism of cytotoxicity involved in HeLa cells. A concentration-dependent induction of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and reduction of glutathione (GSH) in HeLa cells treated with 250-1000 μg/ml of RA-ME confirms the association of oxidative stress. We also detected a noteworthy increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and a decline in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) level in RA-ME-exposed HeLa cells. Flow cytometric data showed a strong dose-response relationship in cell cycle analysis between subG1 phase in HeLa cells and RA-ME treatment. Similarly, a concentration-dependent increase was recorded with Annexin V assay in HeLa cells going to late apoptosis. In conclusion, our findings suggest that RA-ME-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in HeLa cells are mediated by oxidative stress.

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“…Accumulating studies have reported that various natural products exhibited powerful antitumor effects by the generation of ROS with their pro-oxidative activities [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. In our investigation, the intracellular ROS production in the lung cancer cells was measured after treatment of AsA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Marine Alkaloid, Ascomylactam A, Suppresses Lung Tumorigenesis via Inducing Cell Cycle G1/S Arrest through ROS/Akt/Rb Pathway

Wang

Huang

et al. 2020

Marine Drugs

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Ascomylactam A was reported for the first time as a new 13-membered-ring macrocyclic alkaloid in 2019 from the mangrove endophytic fungus Didymella sp. CYSK-4 from the South China Sea. The aim of our study was to delineate the effects of ascomylactam A (AsA) on lung cancer cells and explore the antitumor molecular mechanisms underlying of AsA. In vitro, AsA markedly inhibited the cell proliferation with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values from 4 to 8 μM on six lung cancer cell lines, respectively. In vivo, AsA suppressed the tumor growth of A549, NCI-H460 and NCI-H1975 xenografts significantly in mice. Furthermore, by analyses of the soft agar colony formation, 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) imaging, flow cytometry and Western blotting, AsA demonstrated the ability to induce cell cycle arrest in G1 and G1/S phases by increasing ROS generation and decreasing of Akt activity. Conversely, ROS inhibitors and overexpression of Akt could decrease cell growth inhibition and cell cycle arrest induced by AsA. Therefore, we believe that AsA blocks the cell cycle via an ROS-dependent Akt/Cyclin D1/Rb signaling pathway, which consequently leads to the observed antitumor effect both in vitro and in vivo. Our results suggest a novel leading compound for antitumor drug development.

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Verbesina encelioides: cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, and oxidative DNA damage in human liver cancer (HepG2) cell line

Cited by 12 publications

References 54 publications

Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in HepG2 cells induced by the imidazole ionic liquid 1‐dodecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride

Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in HepG2 cells induced by the imidazole ionic liquid 1‐dodecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride

Oxidative Stress Mediated Cytotoxicity, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Apoptosis Induced by Rosa damascena in Human Cervical Cancer HeLa Cells

A Marine Alkaloid, Ascomylactam A, Suppresses Lung Tumorigenesis via Inducing Cell Cycle G1/S Arrest through ROS/Akt/Rb Pathway

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