Vergleichende Feinwurzeluntersuchungen an gesunden und erkrankten Altfichten auf zwei Standorten in Bayernein Beitrag zur Waldsterbensforschung

Abstract

Fine root studies in two old growth spruce forests affected by "'Waldsterben" in Bavaria. Fine roots of healthy and declining Norway spruce (Picea abies) were investigated. ' We observed fewer active mycorrhizae a.ssociated with affected spruce in two old growth forests. It has been bypotbesised that air pollution is damaging the needles resulting in less photosynthate and that the reduction of active mycorrhizae is due to such an initial weakening of the tree. Einleitung

Element content in tissues of spruce seedlings from hydroponic cultures simulating acidification and deacidification

“…Rhizosphere-and rhizoplane activities have their own dynamics (Longeran, 1979;Marschner, 1985). This is especially true for forest trees, whose soil root interface is partly formed by micorrhizal and microbial associates (Blasius et al, 1985;Liss et al, 1984). Under field-conditions exchange processes, affecting the uptake of ions take place at the fine root surface and within roots (Bauch and Schr6der, 1982;Stienen, 1985;Ulrich et al, 1984).…”

Feinwurzelmasse und Mykorrhiza von Altbuchen (Fagus sylvatica L.) in Waldschadensgebieten Bayerns

“…Im Oberwurzelsystem war eine Korrelation zwisehen Biotnasse und Schadstufe festzustellen (114 mg/100 ml Boden bei gesunden gegenuber 74 mg/100 ml ASCHE und FLUCKIGER (1987) in der Schweiz fest. Fur Fichte kamen Liss et al (1984) sowie BORJESSON und PERSSON (1986) zum gleichen Ergebnis. Von nur geringfugigen Veranderungen der Feinwurzelbiomasse durch die Erkrankung wurde aber ebenfalls berichtet (BREDOW et al 1986;EICHHORN 1987).…”

“…Zahlreiche Untersuchungen ergaben zudem, dafi an den geschadigten Baumen vielfach pathologische Veranderungen des Wurzelsystems zu beobachten sind. Dies gilt auch fijr die Buche (BLASCHKE 1981;Liss et al 1984;ASCHE und FLUCKIGER 1987).…”

Needle and root responses of small Pinus sylvestris seedlings exposed to sulphur dioxide and simulated acid rain

“…These injuries in Picea abies include poor growth of long and short roots, decreased ramification, decrease of cell size in the cortex, decline of mycorrhizas, and at the cellular level an accumulation of phenolic substances both in cortical cells and stelar parenchyma tissue (Liss et al, 1984;Stienen et al, 1984;Meyer, 1987). However, knowledge of ultrastructural changes in conifer roots is still limited (Kottke et al, 1986) and there is a great need for information on the structural effects of experimentally applied single stress factors.…”