Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis

Collum, L. M. T.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1999.tb01165.x

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In the past decade, it has been widely accepted that AOD is classified into several diseases-AC, AKC, VKC etc.-not only by their severity but also by their systemic or local allergological background and pathophysiological differences. It has been reported that the clinical characteristics of PAC are similar to those of SAC in a chronic mode of presentation [8]. However, it was found that the clinical severity was significantly different between PAC and SAC in our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

“…This was similar to the results of an epidemiological study reported by Belfort et al [1], in which the male/female ratio of VKC and AKC was 5:1 and 1:1 respectively. VKC usually starts before 10 years of age and is more common in boys, and it tends to be aggressive for 4 or 5 years and then resolves in the next decade [8]. From a recent study of VKC carried out in a tropical region of Thailand, mean age was 9.6 years and male predominance (81%) was observed [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Demographic aspects of allergic ocular diseases and evaluation of new criteria for clinical assessment of ocular allergy

Uchio

Kimura

Migita

et al. 2007

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic aspects of allergic ocular diseases and evaluation of new criteria for clinical assessment of ocular allergy

Uchio

Kimura

Migita

et al. 2007

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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“…In the Mediterranean area and other temperate regions, the intensity of the disease increases in spring and summer and decreases in fall and winter. [2][3][4] VKC usually starts in the first decade of life and disappears in the second decade. 2,4 Limbal, tarsal, and mixed forms are described depending on the main site of ocular inflammation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4] VKC usually starts in the first decade of life and disappears in the second decade. 2,4 Limbal, tarsal, and mixed forms are described depending on the main site of ocular inflammation. Itching, photophobia, tearing, foreign body sensation, and burn sensation are ocular subjective symptoms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Eyelashes in a Case Series of 93 Children With Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis

et al. 2005

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ABSTRACT. Objective. Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic conjunctivitis that affects children mainly in temperate areas, with exacerbations in spring and summer. Eyelashes provide natural protection for the eyes from sunshine, wind, and foreign bodies. These factors induce a worsening of signs and symptoms in VKC, whereas mechanical protection of the eyes produces relief. The aim of this study was to evaluate eyelash length in a large series of VKC patients and in ageand gender-matched healthy subjects.Methods. Upper eyelash length was measured in 93 VKC patients (mean age: 8.7 years; range: 4 -18 years) with a digital caliper. History, clinical form, type of presentation, degree of severity, and drug therapy were evaluated. Skin tests and serum-specific immunoglobulin E for common allergens, serum-total immunoglobulin E, peripheral blood eosinophil counts, and serum eosinophil cationic protein were determined. Two age-and gender-matched control subjects for each VKC patient underwent the same eyelash measurement.Results. The upper eyelashes were significantly longer in VKC patients than in control subjects (mean ؎ SD: 8.9 ؎ 1.17 mm vs 7.9 ؎ 1.07 mm). In healthy subjects, a negative correlation was found between eyelash length and age. With multivariate analysis, unlike control subjects, the eyelash length in VKC patients did not correlate with age, was positively correlated with the degree of severity of VKC, and was negatively correlated with the use of topical cyclosporine.Conclusions. Patients with VKC had longer eyelashes than healthy matched subjects. ABBREVIATIONS. VKC, vernal keratoconjunctivitis; bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor; s-P, substance P; IgE, immunoglobulin E; s-ECP, serum eosinophil cationic protein; PBEC, peripheral blood eosinophil count.

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“…It starts in the first decade of life and disappears usually within the second decade (2). In temperate regions such as Mediterranean areas the intensity of the disease increases in spring and summer and decreases in fall and winter (2)(3)(4). Giant papillae in the upper tarsal conjunctiva and!…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Eyelash Length in Children with Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis: Effect of Treatment with Cyclosporine Eye Drops

Pucci

Massai

Bernardini

et al. 2007

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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The upper eyelashes in vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) patients have been reported to be longer than in healthy age- and gender-matched subjects. Eyelash length positively correlated to the severity of the disease and negatively to the employment of cyclosporine eye drops, suggesting that specific humoral factors could be involved in both ocular inflammation and elongation of the eyelashes. The aim of the present study is to evaluate a possible relationship between eyelash length and the duration of topical cyclosporine treatment. The length of the upper eyelashes of 34 VKC patients never treated with topical cyclosporine (Cyc-NT) was matched with that of 58 VKC patients treated with cyclosporine (Cyc-T). The latter group was divided into three subgroups, depending on the duration of therapy: 1–6 months (group 1; 21 subjects), 7–12 months (group 2; 19 subjects), >12 months (group 3; 19 subjects). Cyc-NT patients' eyelashes were significantly longer than those of VKC patients treated for 1–6 months (group 1). No significant difference was found between Cyc-NT and Cyc-T patients in group 2 and group 3. The differences between Cyc-T patients and group 1 and 2, group 2 and 3, and group 1 and 3 were not statistically significant. The eyelash shortening observed seems directly related to the rapid improvement of ocular symptoms induced by the treatment. A receptor down-regulation by mediators of ocular inflammation may explain this data, although different cytokines, hormones or other humoral mediators could be expressed on the ocular surface at different stages of the disease, mainly in periods of rapid change of the clinical course.

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Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Demographic aspects of allergic ocular diseases and evaluation of new criteria for clinical assessment of ocular allergy

Demographic aspects of allergic ocular diseases and evaluation of new criteria for clinical assessment of ocular allergy

Long Eyelashes in a Case Series of 93 Children With Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis

Eyelash Length in Children with Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis: Effect of Treatment with Cyclosporine Eye Drops

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