Verruciform xanthoma in association with a vulval fibroepithelial polyp

Abstract

We report the clinical, light microscopic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features of a verruciform xanthoma that developed in association with a vulval fibroepithelial polyp. To our knowledge, this is the first time that this association has been reported. Immunohistochemical findings confirmed that the xanthoma cells were of a monocyte/macrophage lineage. In addition to typical histological characteristics, prominent vascular ectasias were detected in the deep dermis at the periphery of this lesion. The ectasias may play a part in pathogenesis.

Vegas (Verruciform Genital-Associated) Xanthoma: A Comprehensive Literature Review

“…Vulvar lesions have been found in association with CHILD syndrome [44, 47, 49, 52, 59, 60], fibroepithelial polyp [57], leiomyomatosis of uterus [55], lichen planus [43], lichen sclerosus [43, 54], lymphangioma circumscriptum with severe lymphedema [50], radiodermatitis [43], and vulvar Paget’s disease [43]. …”

Vulvar Verruciform Xanthoma

“…To our knowledge, only 9 cases of vulvar VX have been reported so far [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] (Table 2). In agreement with our findings, the misleading clinical features of vulvar VX were highlighted.…”

“…Our histologic findings are similar to those in previous reports (Figures 3-5). [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]10,11 Three of 9 cases published in the literature were associated with an underlying condition (lichen sclerosus 2,7 in 2 cases and fibroepithelial polyp 5 in 1). In contrast, all cases in the present study were associated with a condition, usually a lichen sclerosus or planus.…”

“…V ERRUCIFORM XANTHOMA (VX) is a rare benign tum o r w h i c h w a s f i r s t described in the oral cavity by Shafer in 1971. 1 Only a few cases of vulvar VX have been reported since its first description in 1979, [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] and the pathogenesis of this condition remains unclear. Anecdotal cases of mucosal or skin VX associated with an underlying disorder have been reported, and it has been suggested that oral VX might be secondary to an underlying inflammatory disorder.…”

Verruciform xanthoma‐like phenomenon in seborrheic keratosis

“…[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Various neoplastic or inflammatory conditions are reported to be associated with this condition. It can be present in benign or malignant tumors, such as fibroepithelial polyp, 14 warty dyskeratoma, 15 arteriovenous hemangioma, 16 epidermal nevus, 17 actinic keratosis, 18 squamous cell carcinoma in situ, 19 and squamous cell carcinoma. 20,21 It can also be seen within or near certain inflammatory disorders, such as lichen planus, 22 pemphigus, 23 lichen sclerosus, 6 discoid lupus erythematosus, 24 lymphoedematous extremity, 25 and some rare syndromes, such as congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform erythroderma and limb defects syndrome, 17,26,27 dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, 28 and systemic lipid storage disease.…”