Vertical layering of photochemical ozone during land-sea breeze transport

Georgiadis, T.; Giovanelli, G.; Fortezza, F.

doi:10.1007/bf02509176

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…When the sea breeze is activated (10:00-11:00 a.m.), ozone is driven back to the coast by advection (Millan-Millan et al, 1998). These effects have been also observed by Georgiadis et al (1994) over the Adriatic sea. Such a continuous recirculation of ozone between the sea and inland sites where large emission of precursors take place causes a progressive increase in the ozone levels through all the areas interested by the air mass circulation, ultimately leading to photochemical smog episodes.…”

Section: Ozone Levels During the Field Campaignsupporting

confidence: 55%

The ACCENT-VOCBAS field campaign on biosphere-atmosphere interactions in a Mediterranean ecosystem of Castelporziano (Rome): site characteristics, climatic and meteorological conditions, and eco-physiology of vegetation

et al. 2009

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Abstract. Biosphere-atmosphere interactions were investigated on a sandy dune Mediterranean ecosystem in a field campaign held in 2007 within the frame of the European Projects ACCENT and VOCBAS. The campaign was carried out in the Presidential estate of Castelporziano, a periurban park close to Rome. Former campaigns (e.g. BEMA) performed in Castelporziano investigated the emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC). These campaigns focused on pseudosteppe and evergreen oak groves whereas the contribution of the largely biodiverse dune vegetation, a prominent component of the Mediterranean ecosystem, was overlooked. While specific aspects of the campaign will be discussed in companion papers, the general climatic and physiological aspects are presented here, together with information regarding BVOC emission from the most common plant species of the dune ecosystem. During the campaign regular air movements were observed, dominated by moderate nocturnal land breeze and diurnal sea breeze. A regular daily increase of ozone concentration in the air was also observed, but daily peaks of ozone were lower than those measured in summer on the same site. The site was ideal Correspondence to: F. Loreto (francesco.loreto@ibaf.cnr.it) as a natural photochemical reactor to observe reaction, transport and deposition processes occurring in the Mediterranean basin, since the sea-land breeze circulation allowed a strong mixing between biogenic and anthropogenic emissions and secondary pollutants. Measurements were run in May, when plant physiological conditions were optimal, in absence of severe drought and heat stress. Foliar rates of photosynthesis and transpiration were as high as generally recorded in unstressed Mediterranean sclerophyllous plants. Most of the plant species emitted high level of monoterpenes, despite measurements being made in a period in which emissions of volatile isoprenoids could be restrained by developmental and environmental factors, such as leaf age and relatively low air temperature. Emission of isoprene was generally low. Accounting for the high monoterpene spring emission of the dune ecosystem may be important to correct algorithms at regional and ecosystem levels, and to interpret measurements of fluxes of volatile isoprenoids and secondary pollutants.

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Section: Ozone Levels During the Field Campaignsupporting

confidence: 55%

The ACCENT-VOCBAS field campaign on biosphere-atmosphere interactions in a Mediterranean ecosystem of Castelporziano (Rome): site characteristics, climatic and meteorological conditions, and eco-physiology of vegetation

et al. 2009

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“…A significant fraction of pollutants can remain within the area for a period of up to 5 to 10 days [ Gangoiti et al , 2001], before being swept away after the passage of a midlatitude low‐pressure system (perturbed period). Similar processes have also been documented in the central Mediterranean [ Fortezza et al , 1993; Georgiadis et al , 1994; Orciari et al , 1998].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 77%

North African soil dust and European pollution transport to America during the warm season: Hidden links shown by a passive tracer simulation

et al. 2006

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A mesoscale atmospheric model coupled with a dispersion model is used to establish source‐receptor relationships between the European‐North African aerosol episodes observed over the Caribbean every year during summer and their main sources. The simulation period extends from 15 July to 16 August 1991, concurrent with the flight campaign of the European Project RECAPMA (Millán et al., 1997; Gangoiti et al., 2001). We now extend the simulations to reach the tropical Atlantic and the Caribbean, and we make use of the TOMS aerosol index data (Nimbus 7 satellite) to substantiate the simulations at the regional‐to‐continental scale. Our simulations, based on passive tracer release from selected source regions, show that emissions from southern Europe can either take a full‐Atlantic shortcut to the American coasts or enter the Mediterranean basin eastward to turn back to America following a longer pathway: The emissions cross the southern Mediterranean coast to northern Africa, and then they are vented to the middle troposphere (2000–6000 m MSL), mixed within the Saharan air layer (SAL) and transported westward to the tropical Atlantic (TA) and America. Recirculations around the Atlas Mountains and perturbed conditions over the area modulate the export of the European tracer (and soil dust) into America. We found transit times of 11–12 days for the full Atlantic shortcut and 20–26 days for the longer pathway across northern Africa. Under the simulated conditions, southern Europe can contribute with more than the 50% of its emissions to America, while northern Europe shows longer transit times and less transport efficiency.

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“…A recent modeling study concerning the northwestern Mediterranean basin finds that local recirculation is of key importance for the surface concentration of ozone (Jiménez, 2006). Similar processes have been documented for the Central Mediterranean (Georgiadis et al, 1994) and for the Tunisian Coast (Bouchlaghem et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Ozone over the Western Mediterranean Sea – results from two years of shipborne measurements

et al. 2011

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Vertical layering of photochemical ozone during land-sea breeze transport

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

The ACCENT-VOCBAS field campaign on biosphere-atmosphere interactions in a Mediterranean ecosystem of Castelporziano (Rome): site characteristics, climatic and meteorological conditions, and eco-physiology of vegetation

The ACCENT-VOCBAS field campaign on biosphere-atmosphere interactions in a Mediterranean ecosystem of Castelporziano (Rome): site characteristics, climatic and meteorological conditions, and eco-physiology of vegetation

North African soil dust and European pollution transport to America during the warm season: Hidden links shown by a passive tracer simulation

Ozone over the Western Mediterranean Sea – results from two years of shipborne measurements

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