Vertically Aligned Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Chemical Assembly – Methodology, Properties, and Applications

Diao, Peng; Liu, Zhongfan

doi:10.1002/adma.200903592

Cited by 88 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 134 publications

(396 reference statements)

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“…10,18 However the chemical functionalization and attachment of DWCNTs and MWCNTs to silicon via the ester attachment described here has not been previously reported. As such, the attachment and alignment of DWCNTs and MWCNTs will be covered in detail.…”

Section: A Surface Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field emission from single-, double-, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes chemically attached to silicon

Shearer

Fahy

Barr

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physics

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The chemical attachment and field emission (FE) properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) chemically attached to a silicon substrate have been investigated. A high density of CNTs was revealed by atomic force microscopy imaging with orientation varying with CNT type. Raman spectroscopy was used to confirm the CNT type and diameter on the surfaces. The field emission properties of the surfaces were studied and both current-voltage and Fowler-Nordheim plots were obtained. The SWCNTs exhibited superior FE characteristics with a turn-on voltage (Eto) of 1.28 V μm−1 and electric field enhancement factor (β) of 5587. The DWCNT surface showed an Eto of 1.91 V μm−1 and a β of 4748, whereas the MWCNT surface exhibited an Eto of 2.79 V μm−1 and a β of 3069. The emission stability of each CNT type was investigated and it was found that SWCNTs produced the most stable emission. The differences between the FE characteristics and stability are explained in terms of the CNT diameter, vertical alignment, and crystallinity. The findings suggest that strength of substrate adhesion and CNT crystallinity play a major role in FE stability. Comparisons to other FE studies are made and the potential for device application is discussed.

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Section: A Surface Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field emission from single-, double-, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes chemically attached to silicon

Shearer

Fahy

Barr

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…As detailed in a recent review from Diao and Liu [17], several methods exist to chemically assemble CNTs on electrode surfaces. However, common to each of methods is chemical functionalisation of the nanotubes, most commonly with carboxylic acid groups [18] and their subsequent covalent linking to a surface via an ester [19][20] or amide bond [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased redox-active peptide loading on carbon nanotube electrodes

Moore

Flavel

et al. 2013

Electrochimica Acta

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Increased redox-active peptide loading on carbon nanotube electrodes Electrochimica Acta, 2013; 89:206-211 © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Electrochimica Acta. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Electrochimica Acta, 2013; 89:206-211 Elsevier's AAM Policy: Authors retain the right to use the accepted author manuscript for personal use, internal institutional use and for permitted scholarly posting provided that these are not for purposes of commercial use or systematic distribution.Elsevier believes that individual authors should be able to distribute their AAMs for their personal voluntary needs and interests, e.g. posting to their websites or their institution's repository, e-mailing to colleagues. However, our policies differ regarding the systematic aggregation or distribution of AAMs to ensure the sustainability of the journals to which AAMs are submitted. Therefore, deposit in, or posting to, subjectoriented or centralized repositories (such as PubMed Central), or institutional repositories with systematic posting mandates is permitted only under specific agreements between Elsevier and the repository, agency or institution, and only consistent with the publisher's policies concerning such repositories. AbstractCarbon nanotube (CNT) electrodes for electrochemistry were fabricated from single-and double-walled carbon nanotubes. The electrodes were subsequently covalently loaded with a ferrocene modified -aminoisobutyric acid protein, and tested by cyclic voltammetry. The CNT electrode comprised of double walled CNTs (DWCNTs) demonstrated significantly higher peak current (I p ) compared to their single walled counterparts (SWCNTs). This is attributed to a higher loading of the ferrocene modified protein to the outer wall of the nanotube, through the presence of a larger number of defects sites within the sp 2 carbon lattice for the DWCNTs. This higher loading was achieved without compromising the electron transfer rate, indicating that DWCNTs may offer a useful alternative to SWCNTs in future electrochemical sensors and biosensors.

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“…Stage iii: Attachment of the dispersed CNTs on the pre-treated surface Attachment of CNTs on the different surfaces by various methodologies was demonstrated in the literature [45,47,[67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77]. To bond CNTs to rock surface, CNTs are required to be functionalised by carboxylic groups to simplify the procedures.…”

Section: Stage Ii: Dispersion Of Cntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotubes: A New Methodology for Enhanced Squeeze Lifetime CNTs

Ghorbani¹,

Wilson²,

Kapur³

et al. 2014

SPE International Oilfield Scale Conference and Exhibition

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A new potential application of nanotechnology for mineral scale prevention in the oil and gas industry is presented. In current squeeze treatments, in which scale inhibitors are squeezed into wells to adsorb or precipitate onto rock surfaces for later release, a large proportion of the injected inhibitor does not adsorb and is therefore returned very quickly from the reservoir upon well re-start. Here it is demonstrated that nano-particles have the potential to enhance squeeze lifetime by greatly increasing the adsorption of inhibitors within the formation. An extensive literature review is presented, exploring the potential for using nano-scale materials in squeeze treatments. One of the observations from scale inhibitor squeezes into sandstone reservoirs is the apparent lack of suitable surfaces available for adsorption. The main constituent of sandstones, quartz, has a very low ability to adsorb inhibitor (1 mg/I). Given this, research using nanotechnology was targeted towards enhancing the available sites for scale inhibitor adsorption within the near wellbore. Specifically, research was undertaken to examine the potential benefits of using carbon nanotubes in a process called Nanotechnology Assisted Squeeze Treatment (NAST). The process involves carbon nanotubes adsorbing and permanently modifying the near wellbore with scale inhibitors subsequently adsorbing onto the nanotubes. This process was observed to be significantly higher than a non-modified near wellbore surface, with a maximum adsorption of more than 85 and 160mg/g onto the nanotubes in solution of distilled water (DW) and CaC12 in DW; respectively, compared to 1 mg/g directly onto the rock. Coreflood tests comparing the NAST procedure with a simplified standard coreflood show the potential for improvement of the squeeze lifetime. IntroductionInorganic scale precipitation, including formation of CaCO 3 , MgCO 3 , FeCO 3 , BaSO 4 , CaSO 4 , SrSO 4 , etc. occurs when two incompatible brines are mixed or where the conditions (i.e. temperature and pressure) in a system are changed and there is a resulting change in the solubility of certain salts. This can cause blockage of the oil path and damage to the production system. A chemical squeeze treatment is used to pump scale inhibitor (SI) downhole to adsorb or precipitate onto the formation rock. The aim is to establish a downhole reserve of SI from which subsequent desorption or release maintains a concentration of SI within the reservoir sufficient to prevent scale formation. The lifetime of the squeeze treatment is defined as the time when the return Scale Inhibitor (SI) concentration falls below the Minimum Inhibitor Concentration (MIC), which is typically 1-20 ppm depending on the reservoir conditions and SI properties. At this point the well needs to be re-squeezed. Regardless of whether the SI adsorbs or precipitates, the squeeze treatment process is expensive due to the squeeze implementation, chemical inhibitor costs and most importantly because of production losses/deferred during th...

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Vertically Aligned Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Chemical Assembly – Methodology, Properties, and Applications

Cited by 88 publications

References 134 publications

Field emission from single-, double-, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes chemically attached to silicon

Field emission from single-, double-, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes chemically attached to silicon

Increased redox-active peptide loading on carbon nanotube electrodes

Carbon Nanotubes: A New Methodology for Enhanced Squeeze Lifetime CNTs

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