Verwirrung um die Wirkung von Omega-3-Fettsäuren

Schacky, Clemens von

doi:10.1007/s00108-019-00687-x

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(80 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Of note, neither in pregnant women nor in any other individual has an Omega-3 Index <2% ever been found in erythrocytes (as different from dried blood spots), indicating that human life without EPA and DHA is not possible [24]. This puts EPA and DHA in the same category as water or salt and questions the wisdom of uncritically using scientific tools devised for drugs to investigate the effects of EPA and DHA.…”

Section: Intake Vs Blood Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No human being, pregnant women included, has an Omega-3 Index <2% [24]. Therefore, other than drug trials, randomized intervention trials with Omega-3 fatty acid never test the presence of Omega-3s vs. their absence.…”

Section: Limitations Of Previous Intervention Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, an upper limit for the Omega-3 Index in pregnancy should be defined, and maybe also a lower limit for arachidonic acid. Based on the target range suggested for cardiovascular prevention, an upper limit of 11% seems prudent in order to not reduce arachidonic acid substantially [17,24]. Although large parts of the Japanese and South Korean populations have an Omega-3 Index in the target range of 8-11%, specific data need to be generated to support this upper limit and probably also to define a target for arachidonic acid [82,83].…”

Section: Safety and Tolerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Pregnancy—The Case for a Target Omega-3 Index

Schacky

2020

Nutrients

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Scientific societies recommend increasing intake of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by 200 mg/day during pregnancy. However, individually, clinical events correlate quite strongly with levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and DHA in blood, but these levels poorly correlate with amounts ingested. EPA and DHA in erythrocytes (Omega-3 Index) have a low biologic variability. If analyzed with a standardized analytical procedure (HS-Omega-3 Index®), analytical variability is low. Thus, the largest database of any fatty acid analytical method was provided. Pregnant women in Germany had a mean Omega-3 Index below the target range suggested for cardiovascular disease of 8–11%, with large interindividual variation, and quite independent of supplementation with EPA and DHA. In Germany, premature birth is a major health issue. Premature birth and other health issues of pregnant women and their offspring correlate with levels of EPA and DHA in blood and can be reduced by increasing intake of EPA and DHA, according to individual trials and pertinent meta-analyses. Very high intake or levels of EPA and DHA may also produce health issues, like bleeding, prolonged gestation, or even premature birth. While direct evidence remains to be generated, evidence from various scientific approaches supports that the target range for the Omega-3 Index of 8–11% might also pertain to pregnancy and lactation.

show abstract

Section: Intake Vs Blood Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Limitations Of Previous Intervention Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Safety and Tolerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Pregnancy—The Case for a Target Omega-3 Index

Schacky

2020

Nutrients

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The same limitations apply to the conversion of LA to AA, but AA is usually present in sufficient levels in the western diet, provided the diet is omnivorous [107,136]. On the other hand, EPA/DHA measurements in about 3/4 of test persons showed suboptimal levels [137]. Thus, supplementation is frequently appropriate since insufficient levels of these fatty acids are often found in a typical Western diet, especially if fish is avoided [138].…”

Section: Conversion Of Short To Long Chain ω3 and ω6 Fatty Acids Is Inefficientmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It also represents an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. A range of 8-11% is desirable to reduce the risk of these and other diseases [137,218]. This range is safe and probably useful for the vast majority of preventive and therapeutic applications; higher values generally do not appear to provide additional benefit [219].…”

Section: Basis For Therapy: the Omega-3 Index As A Great Analytical Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acids: facts vs. fiction

Waehler¹

2023

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. During the last 100 years official dietary guidelines have recommended an increased consumption of fats derived from seeds while decreasing the consumption of traditional fats, especially saturated fats. These recommendations are being challenged by recent studies. Furthermore, the increased use of refining processes in fat production had deleterious health effects. Today, the number of high-quality studies on fatty acids is large enough to make useful recommendations on clinical application and everyday practice. Saturated fats have many beneficial functions and palmitic acid appears to be problematic only when it is synthesized due to excess fructose consumption. Trans fatty acids were shown to be harmful when they are manmade but beneficial when of natural origin. Conjugated linoleic acid has many benefits but the isomer mix that is available in supplement form differs from its natural origin and may better be avoided. The ω3 fatty acid linolenic acid has rather limited use as an anti-inflammatory agent – a fact that is frequently overlooked. On the other hand, the targeted use of long chain ω3 fatty acids based on blood analysis has great potential to supplement or even be an alternative to various pharmacological therapies. At the same time ω6 fatty acids like linoleic acid and arachidonic acid have important physiological functions and should not be avoided but their consumption needs to be balanced with long chain ω3 fatty acids. The quality and quantity of these fats together with appropriate antioxidative protection are critical for their positive health effects.

show abstract

Equal bioavailability of omega‐3 PUFA from Calanus oil, fish oil and krill oil: A 12‐week randomized parallel study

Vosskötter

Burhop

Hahn

2023

Lipids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The bioavailability of long‐chain omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3 PUFA) can be affected by the form in which they are bound. An alternative source of n3 PUFA is Calanus finmarchicus oil (CO), which, unlike fish oil (FO) and krill oil (KO), contains fatty acids primarily bound as wax esters. Recent studies have shown that n3 PUFA from CO are bioavailable to humans, but CO has not been compared to other marine oils such as FO or KO. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of 12 weeks supplementation with CO, FO and KO on the long‐term n3 PUFA status in healthy volunteers. The Omega‐3 Index (O3I), defined as red blood cell EPA + DHA content as a percentage of total identified fatty acids, was used as a measure to assess n3 PUFA status. Sixty‐two participants (mean ± standard deviation [SD] age: 29.7 ± 8.43 years) completed the randomized parallel group study (CO group: n = 21, 4 capsules/day, EPA + DHA dose: 242 mg/day; FO group: n = 22, 1 capsule/day, EPA + DHA dose: 248 mg/day; KO group: n = 19, 2 capsules/day, EPA + DHA dose: 286 mg/day). At baseline, the three groups showed comparable (mean ± SD) O3I values (CO: 5.13 ± 1.12%, FO: 4.90 ± 0.57%, KO: 4.87 ± 0.77%). The post‐interventional (mean ± SD) O3I increase was comparable between the three groups (CO: 1.09 ± 0.55%; FO: 1.0 ± 0.53%; KO: 1.15 ± 0.65%, all p < 0.001). The study confirms that CO can increase the n3 PUFA status comparable to FO and KO and is therefore an alternative marine source of bioavailable n3 PUFA, especially with regard to sustainability.

show abstract

Verwirrung um die Wirkung von Omega-3-Fettsäuren

Cited by 10 publications

References 48 publications

Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Pregnancy—The Case for a Target Omega-3 Index

Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Pregnancy—The Case for a Target Omega-3 Index

Fatty acids: facts vs. fiction

Equal bioavailability of omega‐3 PUFA from Calanus oil, fish oil and krill oil: A 12‐week randomized parallel study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About