Vesicular Drug Delivery System: A Review

Abstract

Designing of the drug in the vesicular system has brought a new life to the preexisting drugs and thus has improved their therapeutic efficacies by controlling and sustaining the action. The objective of the study is to evaluate the potential of novel vesicular drug delivery systems for drug targeting. Novel drug delivery attempts to either sustain drug action at a predetermined rate, or by maintaining a relatively constant, effective drug level in the body with concomitant minimization of undesirable side effects. A novel drug delivery system is that delivers drug at predetermined rate decided as per the requirement, pharmacological aspects, drug profile, physiological conditions of the body etc. In current conditions, not a single novel drug delivery system behaves ideally those high goals with fewer side effects. The application of vesicular system in drug delivery has changed the definition of diagnosis and treatment in different aspects of biomedical field. A Vesicular Drug Delivery System (VDDS) is the system in which encapsulation of active moieties in vesicular structure, which bridges gap between ideal and available of novel drug delivery system. A number of vesicular drug delivery systems like liposomes, niosomes, transferosomes, pharmacosomes, colloidosomes, herbosomes, sphinosomes, etc. have been developed. This review has been focusing the discussion of about various lipoidal and nonlipoidal vesicular drug targeting.

Implementing Nanovesicles for Boosting the Skin Permeation of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs

“…Vesicles can encapsulate both lipophilic or hydrophilic drugs in the lipid bilayer or the aqueous core, respectively [22]. They have the ability to deliver drugs to the targeted action site, thus decreasing the risk of drug toxicity [23]. Furthermore, vesicular delivery systems have confirmed superiority over conventional systems [24].…”

“…Yet these systems have some challenges, as some of them may sometimes cause skin irritation such as proniosomes, ethosomes, and transethosomes. Long term stability is also a challenge that may occur with emulsomes [21], pharmacosomes [23], and cubosomes. Also, natural phospholipids have low purity which is considered a challenge in preparing phospholipids containing vesicles such as transferosomes and cerosomes [23].…”

Niosome-carvedilol protects DNA damage of supraphysiologic concentrations of insulin using comet assay: An in vitro study

“…Niosomes are vesicles formed mostly of hydrated non-ionic surfactants; moreover, cholesterol (CHOL) or its derivatives were used in many cases. [15][16][17] The comet assay (single-cell gel electrophoresis) is a standard and sensitive method for studying DNA damage and repair in which cells are lysed and then electrophoresis is conducted on a microscopic slide with a thin layer of agarose gel and stained with a fluorescent DNA-binding dye. The tail-to-head ratio shows the number of DNA fractures.…”

“…Niosomes are vesicles formed mostly of hydrated non-ionic surfactants; moreover, cholesterol (CHOL) or its derivatives were used in many cases. 15–17…”

Somes: A Review on Composition, Formulation Methods and Evaluations of Different Types of “Somes” Drug Delivery System

“…Nanosomes are small uniform structures which delivers the drug to the specific targeted site, which mainly depends upon the presence of ligands, shape, size and surface chemistry. Based on different aspects like therapeutic uses, lipoidal and nonlipoidal barriers they are of different types which includes Niosomes, Liposomes, Electrosomes, Aquasomes, Transfersomes, Phytosomes, Enzymosomes, Ethosomes, Invasome and Sphingosomes [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”