Vessel diameter–stem diameter scaling across woody angiosperms and the ecological causes of xylem vessel diameter variation

Olson, Mark E.; Rosell, Julieta A.

doi:10.1111/nph.12097

Cited by 147 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Maximum tree height at least is suggested to be restricted by water economy (Woodward 2004). The latest research results suggest that there is an "intimate adaptive relationship between environment, stem size and vessel diameter" (Olson and Rosell 2012; see also Hölttä et al 2011).…”

Section: Linking Hydraulic Architecture With Crown Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crown architecture growth is also reflected in hydraulic architecture as the xylem anatomy varies according to e.g. stem diameter (Olson and Rosell 2012), transport distance (e.g. West et al 1999a) and the need for mechanical support (e.g.…”

Section: Hydraulic Tree Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crown architecture is connected to hydraulic architecture (Olson and Rosell 2012). The connection is described with metabolic scaling theory that predicts that the tree water flow rate and biomass growth rate both scale with tree mass (Brown et al 2004).…”

Section: Motivation For the Thesis And Study Aimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crown architecture and its role in species interactions in mixed boreal forests

Lintunen¹

2013

Diss. For.

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The species specific growth patterns make plastic crown architecture respond in different manner to different environments modifying their influence to neighbours. The main aims of this thesis were to separate the effect of neighbour species identity from the abundance, size and proximity of the neighbours in between-tree competition and to link crown architecture with hydraulic architecture by identifying the associated within-tree variation of crown traits.The empirical part of the work was based on digitising three-dimensional (3D) crown architecture and measuring xylem anatomy. Digitising allowed the development of crown architecture models for Betula pendula (Roth.) and Pinus sylvestris (L.). The models were further applied to simulate light transmission in mixed stands.Crown architecture of the studied species responded to increased competition intensity primarily by reducing branch number and size. Proportional biomass distribution to foliage and main branches over the stem increased in young B. pendula with increasing competition intensity, whereas Pinus sylvestris used the opposite strategy. In addition to competition intensity, crown architecture of the studied species showed plastic responses to the species identity of neighbouring trees. Lower overall growth but added height growth indicating stronger competition was found in mixtures of B. pendula and Pinus sylvestris when a tree was surrounded by interspecific neighbours compared to trees surrounded by intraspecific neighbours. Both species-specific effects on resource gradients and nonresource signals remain plausible explanations for this result: B. pendula transmitted more light than Pinus sylvestris at simulated dense stands.Hydraulic architecture was shown to be interlinked with crown architecture as the conduit diameter varied as a function of tree compartment, branching hierarchy, leaf area and distance from the apex.The results suggest that the use of detailed tree structure models and species-specific competition analysis is useful in predicting and understanding growth in mixed boreal stands.

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Section: Linking Hydraulic Architecture With Crown Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydraulic Tree Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Crown architecture and its role in species interactions in mixed boreal forests

Lintunen¹

2013

Diss. For.

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“…Recent studies have shown an axial widening of the vessel elements from the stem apex to base of trees (Anfodillo et al 2006;Olson & Rosell 2013). Change in vessels diameter in xylem architecture is crucial for trees growth to maintain the hydraulic efficiency (Petit & Anfodillo 2009) and protect the vessel from embolism.…”

Section: Rodriguésia 68(4): 1217-1224 2017mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships among wood anatomy, hydraulic conductivity, density and shear parallel to the grain in the wood of 24-year-old Handroanthus vellosoi (Bignoniaceae)

et al. 2017

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We studied the relationships among wood anatomy, hydraulic conductivity, density and shear parallel to the grain in the stem of Handroanthus vellosoi trees with the goal to identify possible trade-offs between hydraulic conductivity and mechanical properties. For this study we felled 12 trees with 24-year-old and cut 10-cm-thick disks at three heights: base of the trunk, one meter in height, and two meters in height. We propose that the relationship between hydraulic conductivity and mechanical resistance found along the H. vellosoi trunk indicates greater mechanical investment in the wood at the base of the trunk compared with the other two heights (1 and 2 meters). Anatomically, this would be represented by smaller diameter vessels and fibers with thicker walls. Consequently, strength investment implies lower water conductivity at the stem base. However, more studies are needed to determine whether this lower value with respect to 1 and 2 meters represents a significant effect on water transport along the stem. Key words: axial variation, biomechanics, brazilian wood, ipê amarelo, trade-offs. ResumoForam estudadas as relações entre anatomia da madeira, condutividade hidráulica, densidade aparente e cisalhamento paralelo à grã no tronco de árvores de Handroanthus vellosoi objetivando-se identificar os possíveis trade-offs entre a condutividade hidráulica e propriedades mecânicas. Para este estudo foram cortadas 12 árvores com 24 anos de idade, discos com 10 cm de espessura foram retirados em três alturas: base do tronco, um e dois metros de altura. Propomos que a relação entre a condutividade hidráulica e resistência mecânica encontrados ao longo do tronco H. vellosoi parece indicar um maior investimento mecânico na base do tronco em comparação com as outras duas alturas (1 e 2 metros), anatomicamente representada por vasos de menor diâmetro e fibras com paredes mais espessas. Consequentemente, um investimento em maior resistência mecânica implica em menor condutividade de água, contudo, mais estudos são necessários para determinar se este valor mais baixo em relação ao 1 e 2 metros representa um efeito significativo no transporte de água ao longo do tronco. Palavras-chave: variação axial, biomêcanica, madeira brasileira, ipê amarelo, trade-offs.Relationships among wood anatomy, hydraulic conductivity, density and shear parallel to the grain in the wood of 24-year-old Handroanthus vellosoi (Bignoniaceae)

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“…Recent studies have shown an axial widening of the vessel elements from the stem apex to base of trees, and reported that change in vessels diameter in xylem architecture is crucial for trees growth to maintain the hydraulic efficiency and protect the vessel from embolism (Olson andRosell 2013, Petit andCrivellaro 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%