Viability and Adhesion of Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts on a Hydroxyapatite Scaffold Combined with Collagen, Polylactic Acid–Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer and Platelet-Rich Fibrin: A Preclinical Pilot Study

Abstract

Background: Conventional periodontal therapy relies on bone regeneration strategies utilizing scaffolds made of diverse materials, among which collagen, to promote cell adhesion and growth. Objective: To evaluate periodontal ligament fibroblast (HPdLF) cell adhesion and viability for periodontal regeneration purposes on hydroxyapatite scaffolds containing collagen (HAp-egg shell) combined with polylactic acid–polyglycolic acid copolymer (PLGA) and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF). Methods: Four variations of the HAp-egg shell were used to seed HPdLF for 24 h and evaluate cell viability through a live/dead assay: (1) (HAp-egg shell/PLGA), (2) (HAp-egg shell/PLGA + collagen), (3) (HAp-egg shell/PLGA + PRF) and (4) (HAp-egg shell/PLGA + PRF + collagen). Cell adhesion and viability were determined using confocal microscopy and quantified using central tendency and dispersion measurements; significant differences were determined using ANOVA (p < 0.05). Results: Group 1 presented low cell viability and adhesion (3.70–10.17%); groups 2 and 3 presented high cell viability and low cell adhesion (group 2, 59.2–11.1%, group 3, 58–4.6%); group 4 presented the highest cell viability (82.8%) and moderate cell adhesion (45%) (p = 0.474). Conclusions: The effect of collagen on the HAp-egg shell/PLGA scaffold combined with PRF favored HPdLF cell adhesion and viability and could clinically have a positive effect on bone defect resolution and the regeneration of periodontal ligament tissue.

Evaluating the Efficacy of Polyglycolic Acid-Loading Tetrandrine Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Dry Eye

“…However, the improper use of traditional corticosteroid anti-inflammatory drugs, such as fluorometholone eye drops, tobramycin dexamethasone eye drops, and other drugs, can easily lead to diseases such as high intraocular pressure and cataract, thereby limiting their clinical use. In the field of ophthalmology, related research have shown that Tet can effectively inhibit the release of VEGF, IL-1β, PGE 2 , and TNF-α to achieve the goal of treating inflammatory diseases such as uveitis and conjunctivitis [ 27 , 28 ]. Therefore, this study hypothesized that Tet can effectively inhibit the expression of related inflammatory factors in DED.…”

“…Surprisingly, the application of nanocarriers represents a promising means to selectively deliver and concentrate drugs in ocular. Besides, well-designed nanocarriers could contribute to enhancing the ability of corneal targeting for increasing drug concentration in the cornea surface, thus improving the therapeutic efficiency of loaded drugs [21, 22]. Polylactic/polyglycolic acid (PLGA) is a biodegradable functional polymer organic compound that is randomly polymerized from two monomers – lactic acid and glycolic acid.…”

Crucial Triad in Pulp-Dentin Complex Regeneration: Dental Stem Cells, Scaffolds, and Signaling Molecules

“…(105) In the construction of dental and periodontal pulp for the preservation of periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLF), the use of PLGA scaffold combined with PRF has shown the ability to sustain fibroblast viability. (74,127) Various signaling molecules, including growth factors and cytokines have been recognized to enhance the proliferation, migration and differentiation of dental stem cells. These molecules are naturally contained in the pulpal cells and dentin matrix, and involved in modulating dentin-pulp complex homeostasis.…”

Preparation of PLGA-PEG/Hydroxyapatite Composites via Simple Methodology of Film Formation and Assessment of Their Structural, Thermal, and Biological Features

“…In particular, fewer cells proliferated in the PLGA-PEG composite film on day 7. It was concluded that HAP in the polymeric composite film was effective in the attachment and proliferation of chondrocytes (11,(48)(49)(50)(51).…”