Vibrio sagamiensis sp. nov., luminous marine bacteria isolated from sea water

Abstract

Two novel marine luminous bacteria, LC2-047 T and LC1-908, were isolated from seawater in Sagami Bay in Japan and an equatorial area, respectively. The cells are Gram-negative, rod shaped and motile with one polar flagellum. These bacteria are oxidase-positive and catalase-positive, and are able to grow in 0.5 6% NaCl (optimum 3 5%) and at temperatures of 10 37 C (optimum 25 30 C). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these bacteria were closely related to Vibrio azureus (99.4% sequence similarity) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus (99.3%). DNA DNA hybridization demonstrated that LC2-047 T and LC1-908 were conspecific and clearly separated from the closest relative with less than 60% DNA DNA hybridization similarity. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) using six loci (gyrB, pyrH, gapA, ftsZ, mreB, and recA) showed that these bacteria are included in the Harvey clade. Additionally, these strains differ from the closest related Vibrio species by the utilization of glucose, mannitol, inositol, sucrose and amygdalin and production of esterase (C4), lipase (C4) and acid phosphatase. The major fatty acids are C 15:0 iso 2-OH and/or C 16:1 ω7c, C 16:0 , C 18:1 ω7c, C 14:0 , C 15:0 , C 17:1 ω8c and C 12:0 . The DNA G+C content of LC2-047 T and LC1-908 were 43.8 and 43.7 mol%, respectively. On the basis of the polyphasic taxonomic evidence presented in this study, it is concluded that strains LC2-047 T and LC1-908 belong to the same genospecies and represent a novel species of the genus Vibrio, for which the name Vibrio sagamiensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LC2-047 T (=NBRC 104589 T = KCTC 22354 T ). The family Vibrionaceae includes six genera: Vibrio (Baumann and Schubert, 1984), Photobacterium (Baumann and Baumann, 1984), Salinivibrio (Mellado et al., 1996), Grimonita (Thompson et al., 2003a), Enterovibrio (Thompson et al., 2002) and Aliivibrio (Urbanczyk et al., 2007). Several species of the genus Vibrio are ubiquitous in aquatic environments, especially in the ocean, and are often isolated from various organisms ranging from plankton to fish (Thompson et al., 2003b). A recent molecular biological technique based on Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) showed that genus

New Vibrio species associated to molluscan microbiota: a review

“…To mention some examples, among the new species described as free-living seawater bacteria are V. agarivorans (Macián et al, 2001b), V. ruber (Shieh et al, 2003), V. aestivus and V. quintilis (Lucena et al, 2012), V. azureus (Yoshizawa et al, 2009), or V. sagamiensis (Yoshizawa et al, 2010). Associated to different marine organisms have been described, among others, V. caribbeanicus from sponges (Hoffmann et al, 2012), V. hemicentroti from sea urchin (Kim et al, 2013), V. corallilyticus, V. maritimus, V. shiloi, V. stylophorae , and V. variabilis from corals (Kushmaro et al, 2001; Ben-Haim et al, 2003; Chimetto et al, 2011; Sheu et al, 2011), V. rotiferianus from rotifers (Gomez-Gil et al, 2003a), V. comitans, V. gallicus, V. inusitatus, V. neonates, V. rarus , and V. superstes from abalones (Hayashi et al, 2003; Sawabe et al, 2004a, b, 2007a), V. atypicus, V. hispanicus, V. jasicida, V. owensii, V. pacinii, V. zhanjiangensis , and V. zhuhaiensis from crustaceans (Gomez-Gil et al, 2003b, 2004b; Cano-Gómez et al, 2010; Wang et al, 2010; Jin et al, 2012, 2013; Yoshizawa et al, 2012), V. hippocampi from sea horses (Bálcazar et al, 2010), and V. alfacsensis, V. sinaloensis , and V. tasmaniensis from fish (Thompson et al, 2003d; Gomez-Gil et al, 2008, 2012).…”

Refined identification of Vibrio bacterial flora from Acanthasther planci based on biochemical profiling and analysis of housekeeping genes

“…campbellii, V. rotiferianus, V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, V. mytili, V. natriegens, the newly described species V. azureus (Yoshizawa et al 2009), V. owensii (CanoGomez et al 2010), and V. sagamiensis (Yoshizawa et al 2010). Among this clade, the V. harveyi-related species belonging to the so-called V. harveyi group (V. harveyi, V. campbellii, V. rotiferianus, and V. owensii) are phenotypically and genetically indistinguishable, sharing almost identical biochemical profiles and 16S rRNA gene sequences (Gomez-Gil et al 2004, Cano-Gomez et al 2010.…”

Vibrio mexicanus sp. nov., isolated from a cultured oyster Crassostrea corteziensis

“…The cells were grown on TSA supplemented with 2.0 % NaCl (w/v) and incubated at 25°C for 24 h. DNA isolation, amplification, sequencing, and sequence analysis Genomic DNA was extracted from 24 h cultures on TSA supplemented with 2 % NaCl (w/v) using a Promega kit (Wizard Ò Genomic DNA Purification Kit). The amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, and of the genes ftsZ (cell division protein), gapA (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase), recA (recombinase A gene) and topA (topoisomerase I) were performed as previously described (Pascual et al 2010;Cano-Gomez et al 2010;Yoshizawa et al 2010). Sequence data analysis was carried out with the DNASTAR Lasergene SEQMAN program.…”