Viburnum tinus Fruits Use Lipids to Produce Metallic Blue Structural Color

Middleton, Rox; Sinnott‐Armstrong, Miranda; Ogawa, Yu; Jacucci, Gianni; Moyroud, Edwige; Rudall, Paula J.; Prychid, Chrissie; Conejero, María; Glover, Beverley J.; Donoghue, Michael J.; Vignolini, Silvia

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.07.005

Cited by 21 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“… The accumulation of flavonoids or anthocyanins pigments in the cell vacuoles. The production of UV-reflecting components such as surface waxy layers, fatty deposits within cells or from parallel sheets of membranes that generate iridescence due to thin film interferences of light [ 28 ]. …”

Section: Main Physiological and Biochemical Changes Are Regulated By Ripening Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Hormonal Mechanisms Regulating Fleshy Fruit Ripening

Chen

Grierson

2021

Cells

127

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This article focuses on the molecular and hormonal mechanisms underlying the control of fleshy fruit ripening and quality. Recent research on tomato shows that ethylene, acting through transcription factors, is responsible for the initiation of tomato ripening. Several other hormones, including abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA) and brassinosteroids (BR), promote ripening by upregulating ethylene biosynthesis genes in different fruits. Changes to histone marks and DNA methylation are associated with the activation of ripening genes and are necessary for ripening initiation. Light, detected by different photoreceptors and operating through ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5), also modulates ripening. Re-evaluation of the roles of ‘master regulators’ indicates that MADS-RIN, NAC-NOR, Nor-like1 and other MADS and NAC genes, together with ethylene, promote the full expression of genes required for further ethylene synthesis and change in colour, flavour, texture and progression of ripening. Several different types of non-coding RNAs are involved in regulating expression of ripening genes, but further clarification of their diverse mechanisms of action is required. We discuss a model that integrates the main hormonal and genetic regulatory interactions governing the ripening of tomato fruit and consider variations in ripening regulatory circuits that operate in other fruits.

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Section: Main Physiological and Biochemical Changes Are Regulated By Ripening Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Hormonal Mechanisms Regulating Fleshy Fruit Ripening

Chen

Grierson

2021

Cells

127

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“…More often than not, those are hypotheses that still remain to be rigorously tested experimentally. However, as hierarchical sculpting equips the plant epidermis with a broad range of physical properties, it is not surprising that structural patterns participate in an equally large catalog of functions: from enhancing flower salience ( Moyroud et al., 2017 ; Whitney et al., 2011 ; Wilts et al., 2018 ), seed dispersal ( Middleton et al., 2020 ; Vignolini et al., 2012 , 2016 ), or prey capture by carnivorous plants ( Bohn and Federle, 2004 ; Scholz et al., 2010 ) to protecting against herbivores, pathogens, or damaging UV rays ( Aragón et al., 2017 ; Arya et al., 2021 ; Schulte et al., 2019 ; Vermeij, 2015 ).…”

Section: Structural Patterns: Diversity Overview and Biological Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sculpting the surface: Structural patterning of plant epidermis

2021

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Summary Plant epidermis are multifunctional surfaces that directly affect how plants interact with animals or microorganisms and influence their ability to harvest or protect from abiotic factors. To do this, plants rely on minuscule structures that confer remarkable properties to their outer layer. These microscopic features emerge from the hierarchical organization of epidermal cells with various shapes and dimensions combined with different elaborations of the cuticle, a protective film that covers plant surfaces. Understanding the properties and functions of those tridimensional elements as well as disentangling the mechanisms that control their formation and spatial distribution warrant a multidisciplinary approach. Here we show how interdisciplinary efforts of coupling modern tools of experimental biology, physics, and chemistry with advanced computational modeling and state-of-the art microscopy are yielding broad new insights into the seemingly arcane patterning processes that sculpt the outer layer of plants.

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“…In this context, the regulatory pathways linking environmental conditions to the development of photonic structures should provide important insights into the biological function of structural colour in nature [17,18]. For example, environmental factors such as temperature and nutrient availability could be used in honesty signalling towards other organisms [17,[19][20][21][22][23]. Therefore, a better understanding of such regulatory mechanisms could help to elucidate the development and function of structural colour in nature, and in turn facilitates the creation of new photonic structures, for example by genetic modification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharide metabolism regulates structural colour in bacterial colonies

Kerkhof

Schertel

Catón

et al. 2022

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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The brightest colours in nature often originate from the interaction of light with materials structured at the nanoscale. Different organisms produce such coloration with a wide variety of materials and architectures. In the case of bacterial colonies, structural colours stem for the periodic organization of the cells within the colony, and while considerable efforts have been spent on elucidating the mechanisms responsible for such coloration, the biochemical processes determining the development of this effect have not been explored. Here, we study the influence of nutrients on the organization of cells from the structurally coloured bacteria Flavobacterium strain IR1. By analysing the optical properties of the colonies grown with and without specific polysaccharides, we found that the highly ordered organization of the cells can be altered by the presence of fucoidans. Additionally, by comparing the organization of the wild-type strain with mutants grown in different nutrient conditions, we deduced that this regulation of cell ordering is linked to a specific region of the IR1 chromosome. This region encodes a mechanism for the uptake and metabolism of polysaccharides, including a polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL operon) that appears specific to fucoidan, providing new insight into the biochemical pathways regulating structural colour in bacteria.

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Viburnum tinus Fruits Use Lipids to Produce Metallic Blue Structural Color

Cited by 21 publications

References 41 publications

Molecular and Hormonal Mechanisms Regulating Fleshy Fruit Ripening

Molecular and Hormonal Mechanisms Regulating Fleshy Fruit Ripening

Sculpting the surface: Structural patterning of plant epidermis

Polysaccharide metabolism regulates structural colour in bacterial colonies

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