Victim Readjustment Following Assault

Sales, Esther; Baum, Martha; Shore, Barbara

doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1984.tb01085.x

Cited by 151 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Whereas numerous studies have been conducted to describe the psychosocial consequences of particular types of victimization (e.g., Freedy, Resnick, Kilpatrick, Dansky, & Tidwell, 1994;Frieze, Greenberg, & Hymer, 1987;Kilpatrick, Saunders, Veronen, Best, & Von, 1987;Sales, Baum, & Shore, 1984), only a handful compare symptoms across crime types (Davis & Brickman, 1996;Lurigio, 1987;Resick, 1987;Riggs & Foa, 1995;Wirtz & Harrell, 1987), and even fewer are specific to bias crime victimization Ehrlich, Larcom, & Purvis, 1994;Ephross, Barnes, Ehrlich, Sandnes, & Weiss, 1986;Herek, Cogan, & Gillis, 1999;. In part due to methodological issues, the results of these studies on bias crime victimization are somewhat inconsistent in their conclusions.…”

Section: Prior Literature On Hate Crime Victimizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Persecution of Gypsies in Europe

Brearley

2001

American Behavioral Scientist

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Roma/Gypsies, nomads newly arrived in Europe in the 1400s, endured expulsions, forcible removal of children, servitude in galleys or mines, death sentences for being Gypsy, and absolute slavery in the Balkans from the 16th century onward. Persecution stemmed from highest authorities in State and Church. Following the murder of 200,000 to 500,000 Roma in the Holocaust, persecution persists, especially in Central and Eastern Europe where Roma form up to 10% of population (Bulgaria, Slovakia, Romania). Discriminated against under communism, their plight has dramatically worsened since 1989. Endemic problems (low life expectancy, high illiteracy, dire poverty, poor housing) are now heightened by massive, disproportionate unemployment. Unprecedented persecution has been unleashed by new state nationalism and easing of censorship. Roma are the new scapegoat for post-Communist society's ills. The media commonly stigmatize Roma. Few countries have created laws to protect Roma rights. Some activists fear a potential genocide if conditions worsen.

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Section: Prior Literature On Hate Crime Victimizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Persecution of Gypsies in Europe

Brearley

2001

American Behavioral Scientist

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“…Victim-related Prior adjustment problems Sales et al, 1984) Past history of drug or alcohol misuse (Burgess & Holmstrom, 1978) History of prior sexual victimisation (Ellis et al, 1981;Ruch & Chandler, 1983) Assault-related Nature of assault -completed z'. attempted rape Perception of life threat Physical injury (Kilpatrick et al, 1987) Post-assault High levels of distress in the immediate aftermath (Rothbaum et al, 1992) Lack of social support (Norris & FeldmanSummers, 1981;Ruch & Chandler, 1983) Various approaches should be considered depending on the victim's stage of recovery and the nature and extent of the conditions being treated.…”

Section: Box 2 Impediments To Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of rape victims

Mezey¹

1997

Adv. psychiatr. treat

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Sexual offences account for just under 1% of all notifiable offences and have been increasing over the past decade (Home Office, 1993). However, the official statistics on rape prevalence grossly underestimate the extent of the problem; many cases of non-consensual intercourse are not reported or prosecuted; about one-third of reported serious sexual offences are ‘no crimed’ by the police, and many rape offences are reduced to lesser charges through the practice of plea bargaining. Only a small minority of alleged rapists are eventually convicted and receive a custodial sentence (Gregory & Lees, 1996).

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“…En ce qui a trait à l'augmentation du soutien émotionnel avec le temps, nos résultats vont dans le même sens que ceux obtenus par Sales et al (1984) qui notent l'impact favorable du soutien émotionnel chez les victimes d'agression sexuelle avec le temps. Par contre, nos résultats n'appuient pas ceux de Miller et al (1982) ni ceux de Golding et al (2002) qui notent un soutien émotionnel faible de la part des conjoints.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Impact du moment du dévoilement d’une agression sexuelle perpétrée par un tiers sur certains aspects affectifs et relationnels des victimes adultes

Khouzam

Marchand

Guay³

2007

smq

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L’objectif de cette étude consiste à évaluer si, pour la victime d’une agression sexuelle, le moment (précoce ou tardif) du dévoilement d’une agression a un impact sur certains aspects affectifs et relationnels à deux moments distincts, soit au début de l’évaluation et quatre mois plus tard. Toutes les victimes (N = 27) sont en relation de couple. L’agression sexuelle est survenue entre un mois et sept ans avant la première rencontre d’évaluation clinique, et 26 % des victimes présentent un trouble de stress post-traumatique (TSPT). Toutes les participantes disent avoir reçu davantage de soutien émotionnel lors du deuxième moment d’évaluation de l’étude. De plus, les victimes dont le dévoilement se fait précocement présentent, avec le temps, davantage de symptômes dépressifs.This study examines if the timing of disclosure (early or late) of a sexual assault and if the romantic partner’s participation in the study have an impact on relational and affective aspects of the victims at Time 1 (initial interview) and Time 2 (4 months later). The sexual assault occurred to victims (N = 27) between 1 month to 7 years prior to the first assessment interview. Twenty-six percent of victims were diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Descriptive analyses indicate a difference between timing of disclosure and romantic partner’s participation in the assessment process of the study. All victims indicate that they have received more emotional support at the second assessment in the study, whether they have disclosed the aggression early or lately. Victims have disclosed the assault early reported more depressive symptoms.El objetivo de este estudio consiste en evaluar si, para la víctima de una agresión sexual, el momento (temprano o tardío) de la revelación de una agresión sexual tiene un impacto en ciertos aspectos afectivos y relacionales en dos momentos distintos; es decir, al principio de la evaluación y cuatro meses más tarde. Todas las víctimas (N = 27) se encuentran en una relación de pareja. La agresión sexual ocurrió entre un mes y siete años antes de la primera cita de evaluación clínica y 26% de las víctimas presentan un trastorno de estrés postraumático (TSPT). Todas las participantes dicen haber recibido más apoyo emocional durante el segundo momento de evaluación del estudio. Además, las víctimas cuya revelación se realizó de manera temprana presentan más síntomas depresivos con el tiempo.O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar se, para a vítima de uma agressão sexual, o momento (precoce ou tardio) da revelação de uma agressão tem impacto sobre alguns aspectos afetivos e relacionais, em dois momentos distintos, ou seja, no início da avaliação e quatro meses mais tarde. Todas as vítimas (N = 27) estão em relação de casal. A agressão sexual aconteceu entre um mês e sete anos antes do primeiro encontro de avaliação clínica e 26% das vítimas apresentam um transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TSPT). Todas as participantes dizem ter recebido mais apoio emocional durante o segundo momento de avaliação do estudo...

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Victim Readjustment Following Assault

Cited by 151 publications

References 27 publications

The Persecution of Gypsies in Europe

The Persecution of Gypsies in Europe

Treatment of rape victims

Impact du moment du dévoilement d’une agression sexuelle perpétrée par un tiers sur certains aspects affectifs et relationnels des victimes adultes

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