Video-rate high-precision time-frequency multiplexed 3D coherent ranging

Qian, Ruobing; Zhou, Kevin C.; Zhang, Jingkai; Viehland, Christian; Dhalla, Al-Hafeez; Izatt, Joseph A.

doi:10.1038/s41467-022-29177-9

Cited by 32 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Over the years, some of these swept sources have achieved commercial success, owing to their fasttuning speed, compact size, ease of use, wide bandwidth, and long coherence length 11 . As a result, these sources have been widely applied across various elds, further contributing to their popularity and continued development [12][13][14][15][16] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WITHDRAWN: Phase-locked time-stretch optical coherence tomography for complex variance human retinal microangiography

Kim,

Bak

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The human retina serves as a crucial interface for converting light into neural signals and its microvasculature reflects the health of the vascular system. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has revolutionized retinal vascular imaging, offering noninvasive, high-resolution visualization. However, challenges persist in the trade-off between the FOV and resolution as well as the low contrast of microvascular, particularly for deeper retinal layers. To address these issues, we developed a complex variance (CV) OCTA system with an ultra-high A-line rate and phase stability based on the phase-locked time-stretch OCT technique. Leveraging a dual-chirped fiber Bragg grating architecture, our system achieves an exceptional 5-MHz A-line rate, sub-nanometer phase stability, and a remarkable 2-mm imaging depth. Our system demonstrated superior spatial resolution compared to commercial OCTA systems, facilitating high-contrast imaging of the foveal avascular zone and deep vascular complex. This technology holds promise for detecting and monitoring retinal and systemic diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and even Alzheimer's disease, thus advancing our understanding of vascular health. This study's findings emphasize the clinical relevance and potential impact of CV OCTA in the field of retinal imaging.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WITHDRAWN: Phase-locked time-stretch optical coherence tomography for complex variance human retinal microangiography

Kim,

Bak

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Recently, a video-rate 4-dimensional (3D + velocity) imaging with high sensitivity and precision is highly desirable in automated vehicles and robots. 7,8 Because of high integrability, immunity to sunlight and direct velocity measurement, the FMCW light source with its optical frequency varying triangularly with time has been widespread concerned. [9][10][11] However, the performance of a LiDAR system is predominantly dependent on the parameters exhibited by the FMCW light sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 It should be noticed that the ranging precision is further related to ranging resolution and SNR by ∆R/SNR. 7,14,15 In order to achieve faster imaging rate, higher ranging resolution and precision, the frequency excursion and sweeping linearity should be improved over the shorter modulation period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High sweeping linearity and optical intensity control of broadband FMCW laser source generation for 4D imaging LiDAR

Yang,

Zeng

et al. 2024

Terahertz, RF, Millimeter, and Submillimeter-Wave Technology and Applications XVII

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Frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) light source is a key component in light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems with high sensitivity and precision. In this paper, we report a triangular-waveform broadband FMCW light source based on pre-distorted injecting current of a distributed feedback (DFB) laser diode and a feedback control loop for keeping optical intensity constant during the frequency sweeping. A pre-distorted injecting current waveform generated by adaptive pre-distortion method is used to drive a DFB laser to generate FMCW light source. After 100 iterations, we achieved the effective frequency sweeping excursion about 31 GHz within 90% region of interest. The frequency sweeping nonlinearities of the down-and up-ramp were 3.10 × 10 −9 and 5.32×10 −9 , respectively. The corresponding relative nonlinearities for down-and up-ramp were 0.00157% and 0.00206%. Due to the modulation of injecting current, the lasing optical intensity of DFB underwent undesired intensity modulation. To achieve constant optical intensity, we utilized a feedback control loop in combination with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. By comparing the beat-note with and without feedback control loop, the intensity of waveform in the time domain was obviously corrected, which could further improve the ranging resolution from 4.59 mm to 4.30 mm.

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“…Qian et al 25 proposed a time-frequency multiplexed 3D coherent ranging system by further developing the same scheme proposed by Okano et al 22 . A commercial akinetic all-semiconductor wavelength-swept laser with a sweep rate of 15.94 kHz and wavelength bandwidth of 65.85 nm at a center wavelength of 1316 nm was used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-spectral 4D Coherent Ranging Using a Flutter-wavelength-swept Laser

Jeong

Jung

Jang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Coherent light detection and ranging (LiDAR), particularly the frequency-modulated continuous-wave LiDAR, is a powerful optical imaging technology for long-distance three-dimensional (3D) ranging and velocity measurement. Spatio-spectral LiDAR was proposed to perform coherent ranging and solid-state beam scanning simultaneously; however, a complete four-dimensional (4D) implementation, combined with 3D distance and velocity measurements over tens of meters, has not yet been reported owing to the limitations of commercial wavelength-swept lasers. Herein, we propose a novel flutter-wavelength-swept laser that offers a simultaneous yet independent wavelength modulation of 5–6 pm for axial distance and velocity measurement, and a wavelength sweep of 160 nm for horizontal beam scanning. An acousto-optical scanner was synchronized to support the remaining vertical beam scanning for a perfect solid-state coherent LiDAR. The proposed spatio-spectral LiDAR system achieves a high-resolution coherent ranging over 20 m and 4D real-time imaging with 200 × 45 pixels in a 10 Hz frame rate.

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Video-rate high-precision time-frequency multiplexed 3D coherent ranging

Cited by 32 publications

References 39 publications

WITHDRAWN: Phase-locked time-stretch optical coherence tomography for complex variance human retinal microangiography

WITHDRAWN: Phase-locked time-stretch optical coherence tomography for complex variance human retinal microangiography

High sweeping linearity and optical intensity control of broadband FMCW laser source generation for 4D imaging LiDAR

Spatio-spectral 4D Coherent Ranging Using a Flutter-wavelength-swept Laser

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