Vietnam’s Policies and the Ethnic Chinese since 1975

Firm entry modes and Chinese business networks: Malaysian investments in Vietnam

“…Thomsen (2011) shows that the allocation of factors of production (especially land and capital) is still predominantly state-driven and personalized in Vietnam. She further asserts that the anticapitalist measures introduced after Vietnam's reunification have transferred much of the country's factors of production from the nonstate sector (in which the Vietnamese Chinese used to dominate and still do, albeit to a smaller extent) to the SOEs (state-owned enterprises) and groups aligned with the victorious North Vietnamese regime (see also Amer, 1996). Therefore, despite the much celebrated revival of their economic vitality, the Vietnamese Chinese are not in a strong position to compete in relatively more capital-intensive and closely regulated sectors such as high-technology manufacturing, construction, utilities and finance.…”

“…For the latter, it translates to a looser form of intraethnic cooperation. For example, some of the ethnic Chinese firms surveyed in this paper have identified fellow ethnic Chinese firms as their main input suppliers, while some others identify fellow ethnic Chinese firms as their primary buyers.2Amer (1996) shows that the anticapitalist measures implemented by the ruling Communist government (then known as North Vietnam) after Vietnam's reunification in 1975 had diminished the socio-economic influence of the country's ethnic Chinese populace, many of who lived in capitalist South Vietnam and were already successful in the business arena before the fall of the South Vietnamese regime. Exacerbating the plight of the Vietnamese Chinese was the 1979 mainland Chinese invasion of Vietnam's northern borders.…”

“…Amer () shows that the anticapitalist measures implemented by the ruling Communist government (then known as North Vietnam) after Vietnam's reunification in 1975 had diminished the socio‐economic influence of the country's ethnic Chinese populace, many of who lived in capitalist South Vietnam and were already successful in the business arena before the fall of the South Vietnamese regime. Exacerbating the plight of the Vietnamese Chinese was the 1979 mainland Chinese invasion of Vietnam's northern borders.…”

Internal Business Organisation in the Private Garment Industry in Vietnam: The Roles of Ethnicity, Origin and Location

“…Historically, the Vietnamese Chinese area of former Saigon, Cholon, was the main centre for private trade. The consequences of the anti-capitalist campaign, which apparently peaked when Vietnam went to war with China in 1979, were therefore most drastic for the Vietnamese Chinese (Amer 1996;Pan 1998). As Dolinski stresses (2004), like everyone in southern Vietnam, the Chinese of Cholon were dispossessed of their properties and wealth, but they also lost all the privileges that their community had acquired through the years (e.g.…”

“…Although the ethnic Chinese are often singled out as important actors in the private sector in Southeast Asian (see e.g Lim & Gosling 1983;McVey 1992),. little research has been done on their contemporary role in the Vietnamese economy(Lindahl & Thomsen 2003) Amer (1996). provides a historical analysis of the Vietnamese Chinese community.…”