Viewing time as a measure of sexual interest

Quinsey, Vernon L.; Ketsetzis, Maria; Earls, Christopher M.; Karamanoukian, Adele

doi:10.1016/s0162-3095(96)00060-x

Cited by 98 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…We conducted this analysis because when rating facial attractiveness, people tend to view more attractive faces for longer periods of time (55,56). Our results demonstrated that participants viewed spaces that they opted to "enter" for longer periods compared with spaces that they opted to "exit," t(17) = 2.60, P < 0.05 (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Impact of contour on aesthetic judgments and approach-avoidance decisions in architecture

Vartanian

Navarrete

Chatterjee

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

287

324

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On average, we urban dwellers spend about 90% of our time indoors, and share the intuition that the physical features of the places we live and work in influence how we feel and act. However, there is surprisingly little research on how architecture impacts behavior, much less on how it influences brain function. To begin closing this gap, we conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging study to examine how systematic variation in contour impacts aesthetic judgments and approach-avoidance decisions, outcome measures of interest to both architects and users of spaces alike. As predicted, participants were more likely to judge spaces as beautiful if they were curvilinear than rectilinear. Neuroanatomically, when contemplating beauty, curvilinear contour activated the anterior cingulate cortex exclusively, a region strongly responsive to the reward properties and emotional salience of objects. Complementing this finding, pleasantness-the valence dimension of the affect circumplex-accounted for nearly 60% of the variance in beauty ratings. Furthermore, activation in a distributed brain network known to underlie the aesthetic evaluation of different types of visual stimuli covaried with beauty ratings. In contrast, contour did not affect approach-avoidance decisions, although curvilinear spaces activated the visual cortex. The results suggest that the well-established effect of contour on aesthetic preference can be extended to architecture. Furthermore, the combination of our behavioral and neural evidence underscores the role of emotion in our preference for curvilinear objects in this domain.neuroaesthetics | design | curvature | habitat theory

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Impact of contour on aesthetic judgments and approach-avoidance decisions in architecture

Vartanian

Navarrete

Chatterjee

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

287

324

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, prior research on the viewing time effect has provided mixed results. Although standard viewing time effects emerged also for women, these effects were usually smaller than those for heterosexual males (Israel & Strassberg, 2009;Quinsey et al, 1996). To explore this gender specificity effect also for the restricted display variation, we recruited a community sample of men and women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viewing Time Effects Revisited: Prolonged Response Latencies for Sexually Attractive Targets Under Restricted Task Conditions

et al. 2010

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Sexually attractive stimuli are watched longer than unattractive stimuli. The processes underlying this robust and reliable viewing time effect are presently not well understood. In the present research comprising four experiments (total N = 250), four classes of potential explanations are proposed and the derived implications were experimentally tested. Contrary to explanations based on either deliberate delay or attentional adhesion to sexually attractive stimuli, prolonged response latencies were also found under restricted task conditions. Sexually preferred targets elicited longer response latencies in a self-paced evaluation task when stimulus pictures were presented for 750 ms (Exp. 1) or for 500 ms and followed by a pattern mask (Exp.2). Prolonged latencies for sexually preferred targets were also observed when sexual attractiveness was rated in a speeded binary decision task with a response window of 1000 ms (Exp. 3). Eventually, it was shown that the response latency effect in the speeded binary choice task was still preserved when only the heads of target individuals were presented instead of the bodies (Exp. 4). Mate identification and schematic processes are discussed as the remaining plausible mechanisms for prolonged response latencies for sexually attractive targets under restricted conditions.

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“…Higher mean response latencies in trials with targets of specific sex or sexual maturity are then interpreted as indicating the sexual interests of the individual. In spite of profound support for the validity of VT tasks in assessing sexual orientation (e.g., Bourke & Gormley, 2012;Ebsworth & Lalumière, 2012;Imhoff et al, 2010;Imhoff et al, 2011, Study 1;Israel & Strassberg, 2009;Lippa, 2012;Quinsey, Ketsetzis, Earls, & Karamanoukian;Zamansky, 1956), the underlying mechanisms have not been finally clarified. However, Imhoff et al (2010) experimentally ruled out deliberate delay of response latencies and interfering attentional adhesion effects due to the sexually attractive nature of relevant target stimuli.…”

Section: Task-relevant Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect Measurement of Sexual Orientation: Comparison of the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure, Viewing Time, and Choice Reaction Time Tasks

et al. 2015

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The present study was conducted to validate an adaptation of the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP) as an indirect latency-based measure of sexual orientation. Reliabilities (internal consistencies) reached satisfactory levels. In contrast, the CRT did not tap into sexual orientation in the present study. In sum, the VT measure performed best, with the IRAP showing only slightly lower reliability and criterion validity, whereas the CRT did not yield any evidence of reliability or criterion validity in the present research. The results were discussed in the light of specific task properties of the indirect latency-based measures (task-relevance vs. task-irrelevance).

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Viewing time as a measure of sexual interest

Cited by 98 publications

References 15 publications

Impact of contour on aesthetic judgments and approach-avoidance decisions in architecture

Impact of contour on aesthetic judgments and approach-avoidance decisions in architecture

Viewing Time Effects Revisited: Prolonged Response Latencies for Sexually Attractive Targets Under Restricted Task Conditions

Indirect Measurement of Sexual Orientation: Comparison of the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure, Viewing Time, and Choice Reaction Time Tasks

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