Violent and Serious Suicide Attempters

Giner, Lucas; Jaussent, Isabelle; Olié, Émilie; Béziat, S.; Guillaume, Sébastien; Baca‐García, Enrique; López-Castromán, Jorge; Courtet, Philippe

doi:10.4088/jcp.13m08524

Cited by 69 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…At the same time, even though to a less extent contributing to the explanation of gender differences in suicide lethality, men conduct a suicidal act differently than women independent from the method chosen. While factors such as the communicative and supportive context [ 3 , 9 , 10 ] of the suicidal act influencing the chance of receiving help in time after a suicide attempt have been discussed earlier in this regard, our study explored the potential influence of intentionality, which might moderate the method specific lethality and seems to be stronger for men than women [ 34 , 35 ]. Indeed, suicide attempts by males had been rated as being more serious independent from suicide methods used (with the exception of hanging) suggesting gender differences in intentionality associated with suicidal behaviour.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Are Reasons for the Large Gender Differences in the Lethality of Suicidal Acts? An Epidemiological Analysis in Four European Countries

Mergl¹,

Koburger²,

Heinrichs³

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

180

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundIn Europe, men have lower rates of attempted suicide compared to women and at the same time a higher rate of completed suicides, indicating major gender differences in lethality of suicidal behaviour. The aim of this study was to analyse the extent to which these gender differences in lethality can be explained by factors such as choice of more lethal methods or lethality differences within the same suicide method or age. In addition, we explored gender differences in the intentionality of suicide attempts.Methods and Findings Methods. Design: Epidemiological study using a combination of self-report and official data. Setting: Mental health care services in four European countries: Germany, Hungary, Ireland, and Portugal. Data basis: Completed suicides derived from official statistics for each country (767 acts, 74.4% male) and assessed suicide attempts excluding habitual intentional self-harm (8,175 acts, 43.2% male). Main Outcome Measures and Data Analysis. We collected data on suicidal acts in eight regions of four European countries participating in the EU-funded “OSPI-Europe”-project (www.ospi-europe.com). We calculated method-specific lethality using the number of completed suicides per method * 100 / (number of completed suicides per method + number of attempted suicides per method). We tested gender differences in the distribution of suicidal acts for significance by using the χ2-test for two-by-two tables. We assessed the effect sizes with phi coefficients (φ). We identified predictors of lethality with a binary logistic regression analysis. Poisson regression analysis examined the contribution of choice of methods and method-specific lethality to gender differences in the lethality of suicidal acts.Findings Main ResultsSuicidal acts (fatal and non-fatal) were 3.4 times more lethal in men than in women (lethality 13.91% (regarding 4106 suicidal acts) versus 4.05% (regarding 4836 suicidal acts)), the difference being significant for the methods hanging, jumping, moving objects, sharp objects and poisoning by substances other than drugs. Median age at time of suicidal behaviour (35–44 years) did not differ between males and females. The overall gender difference in lethality of suicidal behaviour was explained by males choosing more lethal suicide methods (odds ratio (OR) = 2.03; 95% CI = 1.65 to 2.50; p < 0.000001) and additionally, but to a lesser degree, by a higher lethality of suicidal acts for males even within the same method (OR = 1.64; 95% CI = 1.32 to 2.02; p = 0.000005). Results of a regression analysis revealed neither age nor country differences were significant predictors for gender differences in the lethality of suicidal acts. The proportion of serious suicide attempts among all non-fatal suicidal acts with known intentionality (NFSAi) was significantly higher in men (57.1%; 1,207 of 2,115 NFSAi) than in women (48.6%; 1,508 of 3,100 NFSAi) (χ2 = 35.74; p < 0.000001).Main limitations of the studyDue to restrictive data security regulations to ensure anonymity in Ireland, specific a...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Are Reasons for the Large Gender Differences in the Lethality of Suicidal Acts? An Epidemiological Analysis in Four European Countries

Mergl¹,

Koburger²,

Heinrichs³

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

180

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These results remain to be replicated in further works, especially among men because they are more frequently associated with violent suicide attempts (Giner et al, 2014) and male gender is an acknowledged risk factor for suicide (Hawton and van Heeringen, 2009).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Common features between SA and suicide completers might include family history of suicidal behavior, higher medical lethality of the previous attempts and male gender (Giner et al, 2014). As our study included only women, this may partly explain the relative small number of severe (N=9; 20%) and violent (N=3; 6.7%) suicide attempts in this sample.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Corpus callosum integrity is affected by mood disorders and also by the suicide attempt history: A diffusion tensor imaging study

Cyprien

Champfleur

Deverdun

et al. 2016

Journal of Affective Disorders

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Specifically, there is a pressing need to identify factors that differentiate suicide attempts in females from those in males. From previous studies, it is currently understood that females are at greater risk for attempted suicide worldwide (Emet et al, 2015; Jeon et al, 2013; Plattner et al, 2007), but males utilize violent methods more frequently in Western countries (Lucas et al, 2014) which may account for their higher rate of suicide death compared to females. Other studies have also noted gender differences in socio-demographic and psychiatric factors (Chau et al, 2014; Tsirigotis et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences among medically serious suicide attempters aged 15–54 years in rural China

Sun

Zhang

2017

Psychiatry Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

China is one of few countries which reported higher female suicide rates in the worldwide. However, little is known about the gender differences among Chinese rural suicide attempters. This study aims to analyze the gender differences among medically serious suicide attempters aged 15–54 years in rural China. Subjects were 791 medically serious suicide attempters and 791 controls aged 15–54 years in rural China. Socio-demographic, psychological and some critical variables were assessed in the interview. The results showed that all of the factors (education years, family suicide history, negative life events, social support, impulsivity and mental disorder) associated with male suicide attempters also could be found for females. Physical disease, mental disorder and pesticide ingestion played more roles on male suicide attempters. Ever married, peasant, religious belief, and less social support played more roles on female suicide attempters. Compared with male suicide attempters, female ones are mainly influenced by social factors. A gender-specific approach should be emphasized in suicide prevention.

show abstract

Violent and Serious Suicide Attempters

Abstract: One of every 3 attempters in our sample had made violent or serious suicide attempts in their lifetime. Violent attempters and serious attempters presented differential characteristics, closer to those of suicide completers, compared to the rest of the sample.

Cited by 69 publications

References 49 publications

What Are Reasons for the Large Gender Differences in the Lethality of Suicidal Acts? An Epidemiological Analysis in Four European Countries

What Are Reasons for the Large Gender Differences in the Lethality of Suicidal Acts? An Epidemiological Analysis in Four European Countries

Corpus callosum integrity is affected by mood disorders and also by the suicide attempt history: A diffusion tensor imaging study

Gender differences among medically serious suicide attempters aged 15–54 years in rural China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About