Viral diseases of marine invertebrates

Abstract

Approximately 40 viruses are known from marine sponges; turbellarian and monogenetic flatworms; cephalopod, bivalve, and gastropod mollusks; nereid polychaetes; and isopod and decapod crustaceans.

Disease will limit future food supply from the global crustacean fishery and aquaculture sectors

“…Viruses with RNA genomes, some of which have devastating consequences for cultured populations, are also being increasingly described, particularly from intensively farmed penaeid shrimp hosts (for examples see Boonyaratpalin et al, 1993;Hasson et al, 1995;Poulos et al, 2006;Lightner, 2011). Whilst relatively little is known about viruses of wild crustaceans, it is critical that as much data as possible be collected on viral pathogens from wild decapod stocks (Johnson, 1984;Bonami and Lightner, 1991). Free-living bacterial infections of crustaceans are associated either with the exoskeleton (e.g.…”

A new rhabdovirus isolated in Japan from cultured hirame (Japanese flounder) Paralichthys olivaceus and ayu Plecoglossus altivelis

“…The virus appears to be a new pathogen of marine fish. No evidence of a similar agent is noted among recent listings of fish viruses by Pllcher & Fryer (1980), Wolf & Mann (1980), Agius (1982, Johnson (1984) or Wolf (1984).…”

“…This pattern of cell susceptibihty was clearly different from that of IHNV and VHSV. Although little information is available, the HRV also appears to be readily distinguishable, on the basis of the susceptibility of various cell lines, from the rhabdovirus of cod ulcus syndrome (Jensen et al 1979) and from a recently described crab rhabdovirus (Johnson 1984). The pathogenicity of HRV for hirame was observed following intraperitoneal injection into 100 to 250 g fish (Gorie et al 1986).…”

Reo-like virus in white shrimp Penaeus van-namei (Crustacea: Decapoda): co-occurrence with Baculovirus penaei in experimental infections

“…Reolike viruses were associated with P. monodon baculovirus (Nash et al 1988), with a bunya-like virus in Macropipus depurator (S-P syndrome) (Bonami 1973), with a picoma-like virus in the parasitic isopod Porlunion confornlis (Kuris et al 1979), and with a virus in connective tissue of Carcinus mediterraneus (Man & Bonami 1987). Johnson (1984) considered rhabdo-and reo-like infections in the blue crab Callinectes sapidus to be synergistically pathogenic. That does not appear to be the case, however, with BP and the reo-like virus described in this report.…”

“…The paralysis virus of the tionship to BP. portunid crab Macropipus depurator (Vago 1966, Bonami 1973, Bonami et al 1976, Bergoin et al 1982 and the reo-like virus of the blue crab Callinectes MATERIAL AND METHODS sapidus (Johnson & Bodammer 1975, Johnson 1977, 1984, are associated with fatal paralysis of their hosts.…”