Viral Encephalitis: A Hard Nut to Crack

Abstract

Viral encephalitis is inflammation of brain that manifests as neurological complication of viral infections. There are quite a good number of viruses, for example, human herpes virus, Japanese encephalitis, and enteroviruses that can result in such a dreadful condition. Geographical location, age, gender, immune status, and climatic conditions also contribute to the establishment of this disease in an individual. Clinical signs and symptoms include fever, headache, altered level of consciousness, changed mental status, body ache, seizures, nausea, and vomiting. Effective management of this disease relies on timely diagnosis that in turn depends on apt and suitable investigation techniques. Traditional investigations have thinned out these days owing to the fact that advanced molecular technologies have been introduced to the diagnostic field. Treatment of viral encephalitis mainly involves symptomatic relieve from fever, malaise, myalgia along with measures to reduce viral load in the patient. This review mentions about all the possible aspects of viral encephalitis starting from etiology to the management and preventive measures that include immunization and vector control.

Effect of Timing of Rehabilitation Nursing Intervention on Children with Acute Viral Encephalitis

“…The results of this study showed that the GMFM-88 score was higher in the early intervention group than in the late intervention group after 4 weeks of intervention. From the perspective of functional recovery (18), the early abnormal motor pattern has not yet been established, and brain function development during this period exhibits strong plasticity (19). Therefore, gradually increasing exercise and continuously providing benign stimulation to children with acute VE during this period can stimulate the repair of their central nervous system (20), thus promoting the recovery of motor function.…”

Epidemiological Distribution and Potential Risk Factors of Orientia tsutsugamushi Infection in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India

“…ST is often considered as occupational disease of rural population since the chances for exposure to infected chiggers are higher in rural areas (4).This disease usually exhibits a spectrum of the signs and symptoms including pyrexia (may or may not with chills), headache, myalgia body-ache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, non-pruritic macular or maculo-papular rash (not always), eschar, and a pathognomonic sign of ST which is a dark scab like lesion at the site of bite (sometimes goes unnoticed) (5). However, other symptoms such as enlarged lymph nodes and alteration in mental status ranging from confusion and encephalitis to coma have been also reported (1,3,5,6).…”